An improved reactor comprising a shell and at least one reactor internal component. The reactor internal component includes a tube bundle comprising a plurality of tubes attached by at least one tube support plate comprising at least one radial strut and at least one bracket configured to secure to at least one tube of the tube bundle. The tubes are arranged in concentric bands about a longitudinal axis of the reactor. The reactor can also include a gas inlet plate, a catalyst support plate, and a top plate. The reactor shell can include a domed head portion with a startup nozzle connected to a reducing flange, providing a manhole access opening into the shell. Sliding strips that slide relative to the tube support plates can facilitate easier assembly, and support rings for the tubes adjacent the plates can accommodate variable thermal expansion of the tubes received in the plates.

Methods of generating performic acid by contacting aqueous oxidizing agent and aqueous formic acid source in liquid phase are disclosed. A system and apparatus for the in situ production of the performic acid chemistries is further disclosed. In particular, a continuous flow reactor is provided to generate performic acid at variable rates. Methods of employing the oxidizing biocide for various disinfection applications are also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a continuous flow process for preparing conducting polymers, for example polyaniline. The continuous flow process can provide a controlled synthesis of a conducting polymer from an emulsion comprising a polymerizable organic monomer and a free radical initiator in flow within a temperature controlled continuous flow reactor comprising at least one mixing element. The present disclosure also relates to the conducting polymers prepared by the continuous flow process.

This disclosure relates to equipment utilized to manufacture chemical agents, particularly biopharmaceuticals. In some embodiments, reactor systems comprising a mobile carriage assembly; a disposable reaction container removably attached to the carriage assembly; and, a carriage holder into which the mobile carriage assembly may be removably inserted are provided.

A method of installing catalyst carriers into a first selected reactor tube of a tubular reactor. The method comprising the steps of: i) providing an installation tool, the installation tool comprising: a) an installation frame; b) a movable ram mounted to the installation frame and configured for pushing one or more catalyst carriers into the first selected reactor tube; and c) one or more anchors for releasably attaching the installation frame to the tubular reactor; ii) attaching the installation tool to the tubular reactor by engaging the one or more anchors in one or more reactor tubes located alongside the first selected reactor tube so as to align the movable ram with the first selected reactor tube; and iii) actuating the movable ram to push the one or more catalyst carriers into the first selected reactor tube.

A process for the oxidation of powder materials containing starch, which comprises the steps of mixing a powder material comprising starch with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide (H.sub.2O.sub.2), adding to the mixture thus obtained an aqueous solution of ammonia which reacts with said mixture and drying the mixture to obtain a powder material containing oxidized starch.

A method for operating a food processing device includes an irradiation step. The food processing device includes a reaction vessel and a catalyst reactor. The reaction vessel receives a mixture in a liquid form including a raw material for a food product and water. The catalyst reactor is disposed in the reaction vessel. The catalyst reactor includes a reaction tube and a light source disposed in the reaction tube. The reaction tube has an outer surface on which a photocatalyst is provided, and transmits light emitted from the light source. The method for operating the food processing device includes the irradiation step of performing irradiation with light from the light source while water is in contact with the outer surface of the reaction tube in a period after a reaction product is removed from the reaction vessel and before a raw material is subsequently introduced into the reaction vessel.

A reaction device is provided with a first wall that defines an interior in which a stirring mechanism is located. A heat exchanger is at least partly provided on the first outer wall surface facing away from the interior and/or on the stirring mechanism, wherein the heat exchanger has a grate structure, and at least two layers are provided which have a grate structure. Thus, it is possible to transfer heat in a precise and efficient manner primarily by means of thermal radiation in endothermic processes at different temperature levels, in particular pyrolysis, gassing, and reforming processes, and thereby use the exhaust heat for other processes.

A combination comprising a receptacle of defined internal volume, which contains a chemical reaction product. The product may be made in apparatus for undertaking a chemical reaction which comprises an elongate housing and a receptacle. The elongate housing may include a cooling means and end fittings which may include ports where fluids may be introduced and/or removed.

The invention relates to a method for controlling a chemical reaction which creates a product, wherein at least one reactant that is present in a liquid phase is subjected to a pressure change.