The invention relates to a device consisting of a reactor facility for the flow dynamics treatment of fluid or gaseous media or mixtures of the two. In the context of this invention, flow dynamics treatment means the energy-optimised production of at least one rotating fluid eddy together with an eversion of the at least one fluid eddy and the bursting open of organic constituents dissolved in the fluid medium with inner cell pressure (Turgor). The guided fluid eddy is treated, cleaned and disinfected in the reactor facility according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method for the flow dynamics treatment of fluid media in the reactor facility according to the invention.

Liquid flow in a reaction processing vessel 10 is set to a spiral flow, a liquid A and B as an additional liquid containing an inorganic substance to be added is injected at a center-side position with respect to an inner surface of the reaction processing vessel 10 in a reaction field of the reaction processing vessel 10 so as to perform reaction processing.

A liquid treatment apparatus (10) for processing a liquid includes an inlet nozzle (12) having an orifice (16) for directing a flow of liquid through the orifice (16) to define a fluid jet, and a concial diffuser (18) including a tip (20), a base portion (22), and a curved surface (26) therebetween. The conical diffuser (18) is generally aligned with the orifice (16) such that the fluid jet impacts upon the tip (20) of the conical diffuser (18). Moreover, the curvature of the curved surface (26) is selected to maintain a substantially constant Froude number of the liquid along the conical diffuser (18).

The present invention discloses high pressure flow reactor vessels and associated systems. Also disclosed are processes for producing thiol compounds and sulfide compounds utilizing these flow reactor vessels.

In order to stabilize injection of water plasma, a vortex water flow generator forms a vortex water flow for passing arc discharge. The vortex water flow generator includes a cylindrical portion configured to form a vortex water flow along an inner circumference, a first middle partition and a second middle partition protruding from the inner circumference of the cylindrical portion. The first middle partition and the second middle partition respectively have an opening to include a center axis line position of the cylindrical portion. An opening of the second middle partition on the side of the positive electrode is larger than an opening of the first middle partition on the side of the negative electrode.

In order to attain an efficient decomposition process by water plasma, a decomposition processor includes a water plasma generator which is configured to inject water plasma, from the injection port, by arc discharge generated between negative and positive electrodes; and a supply device configured to supply a decomposition target object to a water plasma jet stream injected from the water plasma generator, wherein the decomposition target object is decomposed by the water plasma. The supply device has a nozzle for providing the decomposition target object from a tip, and the negative electrode, the injection port, the positive electrode and the nozzle are arranged in that order along the center axis line of the injection port. The tip of the nozzle is placed inside of the water plasma jet stream.

The present invention provides for a system comprising a static reactor vessel which requires no moving parts, and adapted for precise control of reaction processing parameters including temperature, pressure, and flow rate; a mechanism for settling of the product phase from the salt ammonia phase and removing a significant portion of the ammonium chloride waste material; a method for recovering essentially all of the process ammonia and a method for maintaining a reaction environment which is suitably ionic/acidic.

Methods related generally to the removal of atmospheric pollutants from the gas phase, are provided. The methods involve contacting a first stream comprising NO and/or NO.sub.2 with a second stream comprising (ClO.sub.2).sup.0 to provide a third stream comprising NO and NO.sub.2 at a molar ratio of about 1:1; and contacting the third stream with a fourth stream comprising an aqueous metal hydroxide (MOH) solution to convert NO and NO.sub.2 to MNO.sub.2.

This disclosure describes an improved heat transfer system for use in reaction vessels used in chemical and biological processes. In one embodiment, a heat transfer baffle comprising two sub-assemblies adjoined to one another is provided.

A process for re-refining used lubricating oil (ULO), much of which is used motor oil (UMO) relies on more rapid heating, turbulent flows, higher peak temperatures, to achieve rapid thermal cracking, even including metal-bearing additives without catalysts, compared to conventional refining of crude oil and conventional recycling processing of UMO. By thermally cracking this way and scrubbing with recycled, processed liquids from the flow stream, a process readily removes metal-bearing hydrocarbons in typical lubricating oil additives. Those bonded metals consigned to heavy fraction bottoms, are commonly non-removable by other recycling schemes. Long chain polymers including paraffins are broken into lighter hydrocarbons with properties typical of fuels containing olefins, naphthenes, and the like. Data and analysis reveal low solids, effective metal removal, comparatively low viscosity and boiling points, and greatly reduced sulfur content in fuel and oil products resulting.