A hydroformylation system for making aldehydes includes: (a) a primary reactor provided with catalyst feed, syngas feed and olefin feed adapted to convert the olefin and syngas to product aldehyde; (b) a first liquid vapor separator coupled to the primary reactor for receiving output therefrom, adapted to separate the product aldehyde into a crude aldehyde product stream and a vent stream containing syngas and unreacted olefin; (c) a vent reactor coupled to the first liquid vapor separator to receive the vent stream therefrom, the vent reactor also being coupled to the primary reactor which is configured to provide catalyst thereto, wherein the vent reactor is operative to convert unreacted olefin in the vent stream from the first liquid vapor separator to additional product aldehyde. A second liquid vapor separator is coupled to the vent reactor to receive output therefrom and adapted to separate the output from the vent reactor into a liquid recycle stream containing additional product aldehyde and catalyst as well as another vent stream, the second liquid vapor separator also being coupled to the primary reactor so as to provide the recycle stream thereto.

A system for continuously treating recycled polymeric material includes a hopper configured to feed the recycled polymeric material into the system. An extruder can turn the recycled polymeric material in a molten material. In some embodiments, the extruder uses thermal fluids, electric heaters, and/or a separate heater. The molten material is depolymerized in a reactor. In some embodiments, a catalyst is used to aid in depolymerizing the material. In certain embodiments, the catalyst is contained in a permeable container. The depolymerized molten material can then be cooled via a heat exchanger. In some embodiments, multiple reactors are used. In certain embodiments, these reactors are connected in series. In some embodiments, the reactor(s) contain removable static mixer(s) and/or removable annular inserts.

The invention relates to a continuous flow reactor having a wall which delimits a channel, wherein at least one sub-area is arranged in the channel that has microstructuring which includes individual structures, the diameter of which on a base is between about 10 μm to about 100 μm. The invention further relates to methods for reacting a gaseous or liquid educt under the action of a catalyst.

The present invention provides for a system comprising a static reactor vessel which requires no moving parts, and adapted for precise control of reaction processing parameters including temperature, pressure, and flow rate; a mechanism for settling of the product phase from the salt ammonia phase and removing a significant portion of the ammonium chloride waste material; a method for recovering essentially all of the process ammonia and a method for maintaining a reaction environment which is suitably ionic/acidic.

A reactor and process for the production of bio-diesel. The reactor includes one or more coiled reaction lines. The lines are positioned within a tank containing a heat transfer media such as molten salt, maintained at about 750 F. A pump circulates the media within the tank. An emulsion of alcohol; refined feed stock, including glycerides and/or fatty acids; and preferably water is pumped through the reaction lines at temperatures and pressures sufficient to maintain the alcohol in a super-critical state. The curvature of the coils, pump pulsing, and the flow rate of the emulsion keep the emulsion in a turbulent state while in the reactor, ensuring thorough mixing of the alcohol and feed stock. The alcohol reacts with the glycerides and fatty acids to form bio-diesel. The reaction is fast, efficient with regard to energy input and waste generation, and requires minimal alcohol.

A reactor (12, 128, 198) and method for the conversion of hydrocarbon gases utilizes a reactor (12, 128, 198) having a unique feed assembly (58, 136, 200) with an original vortex disk-like inlet flow spaces (72, 74, 76, 80, 146, 148, 150, 152, 208, 216, 218), a converging-diverging vortex mixing chamber (116), and a cylindrical reactor chamber (40). This design creates a small combustion zone and an inwardly swirling fluid flow pattern of the feed gases that passes through a converging conduit (48) with a constricted neck portion (54). This provides conditions suitable for efficient cracking of hydrocarbons, such as ethane, to form olefins.

The present invention relates to a process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, comprising the steps: i) providing a stream A comprising at least one starting compound selected from the group consisting of 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane; and ii) in an adiabatic reactor comprising a fixed bed composed of an inlet and an outlet, bringing said stream A into contact, in the presence or absence of a catalyst, with HF in order to produce a stream B comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, characterized in that the temperature at the inlet of the fixed bed of said adiabatic reactor is between 300° C. and 400° C. and the longitudinal temperature difference between the inlet of the fixed bed and the outlet of the fixed bed of said reactor is less than 20° C.

In various embodiments, a microreactor features a corrosion-resistant microchannel network encased within a thermally conductive matrix material that may define therewithin one or more hollow heat-exchange conduits.

A flow reactor system and methods having tubing useful as polymerization chamber. The flow reactor has at least one inlet and at least one mixing chamber, and an outlet. The method includes providing two phases, an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase and forming an emulsion for introduction into the flow reactor.

A liquid process assembly, the assembly including a length of pipework, and a reversible pump for selectively reciprocally moving liquid through the pipework.