In an example, a method of butadiene sequestration includes receiving an input stream that includes butadiene. The method includes directing the input stream to a first sulfur dioxide charged zeolite bed for butadiene sequestration via a first chemical reaction of butadiene and sulfur dioxide to form sulfolene.

The present disclosure generally relates to methods and systems for reforming and isomerizing hydrocarbons. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a novel combination of two traditionally separate reforming and isomerization reaction zones. A first hydrocarbon stream comprising C.sub.5-C.sub.6 hydrocarbons is isomerized in a first isomerization zone. A second hydrocarbon stream comprising C.sub.7+ hydrocarbons is reformed thus producing a C.sub.7 hydrocarbon stream and a C.sub.8 hydrocarbon stream. The reformed C.sub.7 stream is then isomerized in a second isomerization zone.

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from a hydrocarbon gas comprising: contacting at a temperature between 600 C. and 1000 C. the catalyst with the hydrocarbon gas to catalytically convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas to hydrogen and graphitic carbon, wherein the catalyst is a low grade iron oxide.

An oxidative treatment process, e.g., oxidative desulfurization or denitrification, is provided in which the oxidant is produced in-situ using an aromatic-rich portion of the original liquid hydrocarbon feedstock. The process reduces or replaces the need for the separate introduction of liquid oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxide and organic hydroperoxide in an oxidative treatment process.

In an example, a method of butadiene sequestration includes receiving an input stream that includes butadiene. The method includes directing the input stream to a first sulfur dioxide charged zeolite bed for butadiene sequestration via a first chemical reaction of butadiene and sulfur dioxide to form sulfolene.

Disclosed are integrated systems and methods for the conversion of epoxides to beta lactones and to multiple C.sub.3 products and/or C.sub.4 products.

The present invention relates to a process for shutting-down a tubular reactor (1) for a catalytic gas phase reaction from a reaction temperature, wherein the tubular reactor (1) comprises a plurality of vertically arranged reaction tubes (2), an upper tube sheet (5) and a lower tube sheet (6) which each are connected to upper ends and lower ends of the reaction tubes (2) in a gas-tight manner, and a reactor shell (7) which encloses the plurality of reaction tubes (2) forming a liquid-tight heat transfer space (9), wherein, in operation mode, a substantially anhydrous liquefied salt melt (8) is circulated in the heat transfer space (9), characterized in that water (10) is added to the substantially anhydrous liquefied salt melt (8), obtaining a water-salt mixture (11), while cooling the tubular reactor (1) to a temperature below the solidification temperature of the substantially anhydrous liquefied salt melt (8), such that the water-salt mixture (11) is kept in a liquefied state during the whole cooling step of the tubular reactor (1).

In alternative embodiments, provided processes for the integration of hydrolysis of renewable glycerides for the subsequent generation of paraffins (or a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons, or a mixture of alkanes containing around 80% to 90% linear chains (n-paraffin) with about 20 to 30 carbons in length) and propylene glycol. In alternative embodiments, provided is an improved and integrated process for producing paraffins and propylene glycol from renewable feedstocks comprising first subjecting renewable glycerides to a hydrolysis process step to generate free fatty acids (FFAs) and glycerol. The generated FFAs are suitable for use in a hydro-processing step to produce products suitable for use as transportation fuels, and the generated glycerol can be used in a hydrogenolysis step for producing propylene glycol.

Disclosed herein too is a method comprising charging to a reactor system a feed stream comprising a catalyst, a monomer and a solvent; reacting the monomer to form a polymer; where the polymer is contained in a single phase polymer solution; transporting the polymer solution to a pre-heater to increase the temperature of the polymer solution; charging the polymer solution to a liquid-liquid separator; reducing a pressure of the polymer solution in the liquid-liquid separator and separating a polymer-rich phase from a solvent-rich phase in the liquid-liquid separator; transporting the polymer-rich phase to a plurality of devolatilization vessels located downstream of the liquid-liquid separator, where each devolatilization vessel operates at a lower pressure than the preceding devolatilization vessel; and separating the polymer from volatiles present in the polymer rich phase.

Systems and processes for cracking hydrocarbons to produce olefins herein includes heating a hydrocarbon feedstock or a mixture comprising steam and hydrocarbons to a first temperature to form a preheated feed, and also include electrically heating steam to a second, higher, temperature to form a superheated reaction steam. The preheated feed is then mixed with the superheated reaction steam to form a reaction mixture at a cracking temperature, thereby cracking the hydrocarbons to form olefins, producing a reaction effluent. The reaction effluent is then quenched and separated effluent to recover the olefins.