By this invention processes are provided for the conversion of carbohydrate to ethylene glycol by retro-aldol catalysis and sequential hydrogenation using control methods having at least one of acetol (hydroxyacetone) and a tracer as inputs.

A method and apparatus for refining waste plastic pyrolysis oil has an effect of converting the waste plastic pyrolysis oil into high value-added hydrocarbon oil having a high content of naphtha and kerosene, lowering a content of impurities such as chlorine, nitrogen, oxygen, and metals of the hydrocarbon oil, operating under milder process conditions, having excellent process efficiency, and having high process stability to be able to continuously produce refined oil.

A method and apparatus for refining waste plastic pyrolysis oil has an effect of converting the waste plastic pyrolysis oil into high value-added hydrocarbon oil having a high content of naphtha and kerosene, lowering a content of impurities such as chlorine, nitrogen, oxygen, and metal of the hydrocarbon oil, operating under milder process conditions, having excellent process efficiency, and having high process stability to be able to continuously produce refined oil.

Disclosed herein is a system for solution polymerization comprising a reactor system that is operative to receive a monomer and to react the monomer to form a polymer; a plurality of devolatilization vessels located downstream of the reactor system, where each devolatilization vessel operates at a lower pressure than the preceding devolatilization vessel; and a heat exchanger disposed between two devolatilization vessels and in fluid communication with them, where the heat exchanger has an inlet port temperature of 100° C. to 230° C., an outlet port temperature of 200° C. to 300° C., an inlet port pressure of 35 to 250 kgf/cm.sup.2 and an outlet port pressure of 20 to 200 kgf/cm.sup.2; and wherein the polymer solution remains in a single phase during its residence in the heat exchanger.

A syngas generator is disclosed as an exothermic gas generator that can accommodate high combustion temperatures of a natural gas/oxygen flame. The generator consists of four sections: a heavily insulated combustion chamber, a catalyst chamber, a spray chamber, and a heat exchanger. These four sections may be arranged in series and tightly bolted together to form a gas-tight system. Natural gas, oxygen and steam are supplied to a burner at the inlet end of the combustion chamber. This mixture is ignited and the resulting hot process gas is then fed into a catalyst bed where it reacts with the steam and is converted to carbon monoxide and hydrogen (syngas). The syngas is fed to a Fischer-Tropsch unit to create liquid fuel.

A method and system for membrane-assisted production of high purity concentrated dimethyl carbonate by the reaction of carbon dioxide and methanol is provided. Carbon dioxide is recovered from flue gas or other dilute streams from industrial processes by a membrane and subsequent conversion takes place to an intermediate methyl carbamate by reacting of carbon dioxide with ammonia and methanol. For high-purity carbon dioxide obtained by one of the carbon capture technologies or by a process (such as, for example, ethanol fermentation process) the membrane reactor is replaced with a catalytic reactor for direct conversion of carbon dioxide to methyl carbamate by reacting with ammonia and methanol. The methyl carbamate is further reacted with methanol for conversion to dimethyl carbonate. An integrated reactive distillation process using side reactors is used for facilitating the catalytic reaction in the subject method for producing high purity dimethyl carbonate.

Combined hydroprocessing and solvent deasphalting with sequential addition of a dispersed catalyst to process heavy oil without increasing equipment fouling. An example method includes: hydroprocessing heavy oil containing dispersed catalyst particles to yield upgraded heavy oil; subjecting a resid portion of the upgraded heavy oil to solvent deasphalting to produce DAO and pitch; and hydroprocessing the deasphalted oil containing dispersed catalyst particles to yield upgraded deasphalted oil. An example system includes: mixer(s) for blending catalyst precursor with heavy oil to form conditioned feedstock; heater to decompose catalyst precursor and form dispersed catalyst particles in situ; hydroprocessing reactor(s) for hydroprocessing heavy oil to yield upgraded heavy oil; solvent deasphalting system to separate DAO from pitch; mixer(s) for blending catalyst precursor with deasphalted oil to form conditioned deasphalted oil; heater to decompose catalyst precursor and form dispersed catalyst particles in situ; and hydroprocessing reactor(s) for hydroprocessing deasphalted oil yield upgraded deasphalted oil.

A media tank includes a housing having a first housing portion coupled to a second housing portion at an interface between the first and second housing portions, the first and second housing portions collectively defining an interior volume of the housing, and a divider positioned within the interior volume of the housing at the interface between the first and second housing portions to separate the interior volume into a first chamber at least partially defined by the first housing portion and the divider and a second chamber at least partially defined by the second housing portion and the divider. The first housing portion is coupled to the second housing portion via a friction weld at the interface. An annular gap is provided between the divider and the first housing portion. Flash from the friction weld is received within the annular gap.

The present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous solution containing chlorine dioxide from gaseous chlorine dioxide and from an aqueous phase. The invention additionally relates to an apparatus for producing an aqueous solution containing chlorine dioxide and/or for carrying out the process of the invention. Finally, the invention also relates to the use of an apparatus according to the invention for carrying out a process according to the invention. In the following, all statements made in respect of the process of the invention also apply correspondingly to the apparatus of the invention and the use according to the invention, and vice versa, unless indicated otherwise in the individual case.

The invention includes a gas processing system for transforming a hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas into outflow gas products, where the system includes a gas delivery subsystem, a plasma reaction chamber, and a microwave subsystem, with the gas delivery subsystem in fluid communication with the plasma reaction chamber, so that the gas delivery subsystem directs the hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas into the plasma reaction chamber, and the microwave subsystem directs microwave energy into the plasma reaction chamber to energize the hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas, thereby forming a plasma in the plasma reaction chamber, which plasma effects the transformation of a hydrocarbon in the hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas into the outflow gas products, which comprise acetylene and hydrogen. The invention also includes methods for the use of this gas processing system.