A method is provided for rapidly switching a metal-catalysed steam methane reforming reaction of a feed gas from a first steady-state reaction condition (A) to a second steady-state reaction condition (B) or vice-versa. After applying a given voltage and/or feed gas flow, the system can work towards a thermal equilibration to reach steady state without any additional operator input.

The present disclosure generally relates to a process for coating a scaffold, and in particular a process for coating a scaffold of a static mixer using catalytic liquid suspensions. The present disclosure also generally relates to a process for preparing a catalytically coated scaffold comprising applying a catalytic liquid suspension to a surface of a scaffold to provide a coating containing catalytically reactive sites on the surface of the coated scaffold.

The present disclosure generally relates to a process for coating a scaffold, and in particular a process for coating a scaffold of a static mixer using catalytic liquid suspensions. The present disclosure also generally relates to a process for preparing a catalytically coated scaffold comprising applying a catalytic liquid suspension to a surface of a scaffold to provide a coating containing catalytically reactive sites on the surface of the coated scaffold.

A catalyst for preparing a synthesis gas includes: a mesoporous Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support including mesopores having a pore size of about 1 nm to about 30 nm; metal nanoparticles supported in the mesopores of the mesoporous Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support wherein the metal nanoparticles have a particle size of less than or equal to about 20 nm; and a metal oxide coating layer including particles wherein the metal oxide coating layer is coated on the surface of the mesoporous Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support and includes mesopores having a pore size of about 2 nm to about 50 nm.

A catalyst for preparing a synthesis gas includes: a mesoporous Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support including mesopores having a pore size of about 1 nm to about 30 nm; metal nanoparticles supported in the mesopores of the mesoporous Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support wherein the metal nanoparticles have a particle size of less than or equal to about 20 nm; and a metal oxide coating layer including particles wherein the metal oxide coating layer is coated on the surface of the mesoporous Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support and includes mesopores having a pore size of about 2 nm to about 50 nm.

The present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a base material and a catalyst layer 20 that is arranged on the base material. The catalyst layer 20 includes a catalyst metal and a carrying material carrying the catalyst metal. The catalyst layer 20 satisfies below: (1) in a pore distribution curve measured by a mercury porosimeter, a peak for the largest pore volume exists within a range of a pore diameter equal to or more than 1 μm and not more than 10 μm; and (2) on an electron microscopy observation image (with a 1000-fold magnification) of a surface of the catalyst layer 20, when areas of a plurality of voids comprised in the electron microscopy observation image are respectively calculated, a standard deviation for the areas of the plurality of voids is not more than 30 μm.sup.2.

The present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a base material and a catalyst layer 20 that is arranged on the base material. The catalyst layer 20 includes a catalyst metal and a carrying material carrying the catalyst metal. The catalyst layer 20 satisfies below: (1) in a pore distribution curve measured by a mercury porosimeter, a peak for the largest pore volume exists within a range of a pore diameter equal to or more than 1 μm and not more than 10 μm; and (2) on an electron microscopy observation image (with a 1000-fold magnification) of a surface of the catalyst layer 20, when areas of a plurality of voids comprised in the electron microscopy observation image are respectively calculated, a standard deviation for the areas of the plurality of voids is not more than 30 μm.sup.2.

A hydrogenation catalyst contains a hydrogenation catalyst carrier and an active hydrogenation component. The active hydrogenation component includescompriscs a Group VIB metal sulfide and a Group VIII metal compound, and the molar proportion of a substance of the Group VIII metal compound that interacts with the Group VIB metal sulfide to the total amount of the Group VIII metal compound is 60-100%. The hydrogenation catalyst has a higher active metal sulfurizing degree and a higher number of type II active centers, and can be applied to the hydrogenation treatment process of oil products such as distillate oils and residual oils

A hydrogenation catalyst contains a hydrogenation catalyst carrier and an active hydrogenation component. The active hydrogenation component includescompriscs a Group VIB metal sulfide and a Group VIII metal compound, and the molar proportion of a substance of the Group VIII metal compound that interacts with the Group VIB metal sulfide to the total amount of the Group VIII metal compound is 60-100%. The hydrogenation catalyst has a higher active metal sulfurizing degree and a higher number of type II active centers, and can be applied to the hydrogenation treatment process of oil products such as distillate oils and residual oils

A modular reusable catalyst system is provided for a bi-propellant rocket engine and adaptable for a monopropellant, wherein a hydrocarbon fuel is combined with one or more catalysts, and can provide an additional convergent-divergent flow in combination with a thruster.