A zirconia-based porous body including an oxide of a rare earth element, in which when a pore volume in a pore distribution range of 30 nm or more and 200 nm or less after heating at 1150° C. for 12 hours under atmospheric pressure is defined as pore volume A and a pore volume in a pore distribution range of 30 nm or more and 200 nm or less before heating is defined as pore volume B, the pore volume A is 0.10 ml/g or more and 0.40 ml/g or less, and a pore volume retention ratio X in a pore distribution range of 30 nm or more and 200 nm or less represented by a formula [[(pore volume A)/(pore volume B)]×100] is 25% or more and 95% or less.

A method of manufacturing a catalyst article, the method comprising: providing a complex of a maleic acid-containing polymer and a PGM; providing a support material; applying the complex to the support material to form a loaded support material; disposing the loaded support material on a substrate; and heating the loaded support material to form nanoparticles of the PGM on the support material.

Disclosed are catalysts comprised of platinum and gold. The catalysts are generally useful for the selective oxidation of compositions comprised of a primary alcohol group and at least one secondary alcohol group wherein at least the primary alcohol group is converted to a carboxyl group. More particularly, the catalysts are supported catalysts including particles comprising gold and particles comprising platinum, wherein the molar ratio of platinum to gold is in the range of about 100:1 to about 1:4, the platinum is essentially present as Pt(0) and the platinum-containing particles are of a size in the range of about 2 to about 50 nm. Also disclosed are methods for the oxidative chemocatalytic conversion of carbohydrates to carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof. Additionally, methods are disclosed for the selective oxidation of glucose to glucaric acid or derivatives thereof using catalysts comprising platinum and gold. Further, methods are disclosed for the production of such catalysts.

Disclosed here is a supported catalyst comprising a thermally stable core, wherein the thermally stable core comprises a metal oxide support and nickel disposed in the metal oxide support, wherein the metal oxide support comprises at least one base metal oxide and at least one transition metal oxide or rare earth metal oxide mixed with or dispersed in the base metal oxide. Optionally the supported catalyst can further comprise an electrolyte removing layer coating the thermally stable core and/or an electrolyte repelling layer coating the electrolyte removing layer, wherein the electrolyte removing layer comprises at least one metal oxide, and wherein the electrolyte repelling layer comprises at least one of graphite, metal carbide and metal nitride. Also disclosed is a molten carbonate fuel cell comprising the supported catalyst as a direct internal reforming catalyst.

A bleach catalyst suitable for use in automatic dishwashing comprising a mixed metal oxide.

The present disclosure relates to reductant injection system and method for a selective catalytic reduction reaction whereby urea is injected directly to an exhaust line where a denitrification reaction occurs without using an additional urea decomposition reactor and, thus, conversion from urea to ammonia can occur very fast.

A process for preparing C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 olefins includes introducing a feed stream of hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas into a reaction zone of a reactor and converting the feed stream into a product stream including C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst and in a non-oxidative atmosphere. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component comprising gallium oxide and zirconia, and a microporous catalyst component having an 8 membered ring structure. The process also includes periodically introducing an oxidative atmosphere into the reaction zone.

Provided is a technique of producing isoprene from 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol or 1,3-butadiene from 1,3-butanediol by using a single catalyst. A catalyst produces a conjugated diene containing zirconium oxide and calcium oxide in order to produce isoprene by removing two water molecules from one 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol molecule or produce 1,3-butadiene by removing two water molecules from one 1,3-butanediol molecule. Furthermore, a method for producing a conjugated diene includes a step of obtaining a fluid containing a conjugated diene that is isoprene or 1,3-butadiene by bringing a fluid containing 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol or a fluid containing 1,3-butanediol into contact with the catalyst for producing a conjugated diene as a single catalyst so as to cause a dehydration reaction to proceed.

Processes for converting one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.5 linear or branched alcohols to one or more C.sub.2-C.sub.5 olefins are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, the process can be a single stage process for the direct conversion of C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alcohols to olefinic mixtures (e.g., C.sub.2-C.sub.5) carried out in a reactor using a catalyst that includes zeolite doped with boron and phosphor. Systems for carrying out these processes are also provided.

The present invention relates to a particulate filter which comprises a wall-flow filter of length L and two different catalytically active coatings Y and Z, wherein the wall flow filter comprises channels E and A that extend in parallel between a first and a second end of the wall-flow filter and are separated by porous walls which form the surfaces O.sub.E and O.sub.A, respectively, and wherein the channels E are closed at the second end and the channels A are closed at the first end. The invention is characterized in that the coating Y is located in the channels E on the surfaces O.sub.E and the coating Z is located in the porous walls.