The present disclosure relates to a surface comprising a photocatalyst affixed thereupon via an adhesive layer and methods for affixing the photocatalyst to the surface via the adhesive layer. The present disclosure also provides a purifier comprising the photocatalyst affixed surface and a purifier system comprising such purifier.

The present disclosure relates to a surface comprising a photocatalyst affixed thereupon via an adhesive layer and methods for affixing the photocatalyst to the surface via the adhesive layer. The present disclosure also provides a purifier comprising the photocatalyst affixed surface and a purifier system comprising such purifier.

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst for NOx removal. In some embodiments, the catalyst comprises a support comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of TiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, zeolite, TiO.sub.2 and WO.sub.3, and combinations thereof, and catalytically active components supported on the support. The catalytically active components comprise vanadium, antimony and at least one further component selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum and zirconium.

A supported catalyst for preparing light olefin using direct conversion of syngas is a composite catalyst and formed by compounding component I and component II in a mechanical mixing mode. The active ingredient of component I is a metal oxide; and the component II is a supported zeolite. A carrier is one or more than one of hierarchical pores Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, MgO and Ga.sub.2O.sub.3; the zeolite is one or more than one of CHA and AEI structures; and the load of the zeolite is 4%-45% wt. A weight ratio of the active ingredients in the component I to the component II is 0.1-20. The reaction process has an extremely high light olefin selectivity; the sum of the selectivity of the light olefin comprising ethylene, propylene and butylene can reach 50-90%, while the selectivity of a methane side product is less than 7%.

A supported catalyst for preparing light olefin using direct conversion of syngas is a composite catalyst and formed by compounding component I and component II in a mechanical mixing mode. The active ingredient of component I is a metal oxide; and the component II is a supported zeolite. A carrier is one or more than one of hierarchical pores Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, MgO and Ga.sub.2O.sub.3; the zeolite is one or more than one of CHA and AEI structures; and the load of the zeolite is 4%-45% wt. A weight ratio of the active ingredients in the component I to the component II is 0.1-20. The reaction process has an extremely high light olefin selectivity; the sum of the selectivity of the light olefin comprising ethylene, propylene and butylene can reach 50-90%, while the selectivity of a methane side product is less than 7%.

The present invention provides a catalyst system for producing cyclic carbonates comprising: a pre-catalyst, which is BiCl.sub.3 having amounts in the range from 5 to 10% by weight of silica support; a compound having formula (I)

##STR00001## wherein: Y is selected from bromide (Br.sup.−) or iodide (I.sup.−); R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are methyl group or R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are taken together to form a heteroaryl ring having formula (II)

##STR00002##

and a silica (SiO.sub.2) support.

The present invention provides a catalyst system for producing cyclic carbonates comprising: a pre-catalyst, which is BiCl.sub.3 having amounts in the range from 5 to 10% by weight of silica support; a compound having formula (I)

##STR00001## wherein: Y is selected from bromide (Br.sup.−) or iodide (I.sup.−); R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are methyl group or R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are taken together to form a heteroaryl ring having formula (II)

##STR00002##

and a silica (SiO.sub.2) support.

A composite catalyst containing heteroatom-doped zeolite for preparing light olefin using direct conversion of syngas formed by compounding component I and component II in a mechanical mixing mode. The active ingredient of component I is a metal oxide, and the component II is a heteroatom-doped zeolite. The zeolite topology is CHA or AEI, and the skeleton atoms include Al—P—O or Si—Al—P—O; the heteroatoms is at least one of divalent metal Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Ba and Ce, trivalent metal Ti and Ga, and tetravalent metal Ge. A weight ratio of the active ingredient in the component I to the component II is 0.1-20. The reaction process has high light olefin selectivity; the sum selectivity of the light olefin including ethylene, propylene and butylene can reach 50-90%, while the selectivity of a methane side product is less than 7%.

A composite catalyst containing heteroatom-doped zeolite for preparing light olefin using direct conversion of syngas formed by compounding component I and component II in a mechanical mixing mode. The active ingredient of component I is a metal oxide, and the component II is a heteroatom-doped zeolite. The zeolite topology is CHA or AEI, and the skeleton atoms include Al—P—O or Si—Al—P—O; the heteroatoms is at least one of divalent metal Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Ba and Ce, trivalent metal Ti and Ga, and tetravalent metal Ge. A weight ratio of the active ingredient in the component I to the component II is 0.1-20. The reaction process has high light olefin selectivity; the sum selectivity of the light olefin including ethylene, propylene and butylene can reach 50-90%, while the selectivity of a methane side product is less than 7%.

Present subject matter provides a semiconductor nanocrystal comprises a core and a shell. The core is fabricated from a first semiconductor. The shell is fabricated from a second semiconductor. The optical cross section of the semiconductor nanocrystal is in a range of 10.sup.−17 cm.sup.2-10.sup.−12 cm.sup.2 in a 2-3 eV region. The core is less than 2 nanometers from an outer surface of the shell in at least one region of the semiconductor nanocrystal. Present subject matter also provides method for preparation of the semiconductor nanocrystals and method for photosynthesis of organic compounds.