Catalysts having a blend of platinum on a support with low ammonia storage with a Cu-SCR catalyst or an Fe-SCR catalyst are disclosed. The catalysts can also contain one or two additional SCR catalysts. The catalysts can be present in one of various configurations. Catalytic articles containing these catalysts are disclosed. The catalytic articles are useful for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx in exhaust gases and in reducing the amount of ammonia slip. Methods for producing such articles are described. Methods of using the catalytic articles in an SCR process, where the amount of ammonia slip is reduced, are also described.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst material includes first oxide particles having an average particle diameter D.sub.av of 1 m to 95 m and having an oxygen storage capacity, second oxide particles having an average particle diameter D.sub.av of 0.05 m to 0.5 m, containing a metal element, and having no oxygen storage capacity, precious metal particles, and acidic oxide particles. The material has a correlation coefficient of 0.45 or more obtained using first characteristic X-ray intensity for the metal element contained in the second oxide particle, second characteristic X-ray intensity for an element other than oxygen contained in the acidic oxide particle, and third characteristic X-ray intensity for a precious metal element contained in the precious metal particle.

The present disclosure relates to a substrate containing passive NO.sub.x adsorption (PNA) materials for treatment of gases, and washcoats for use in preparing such a substrate. Also provided are methods of preparation of the PNA materials, as well as methods of preparation of the substrate containing the PNA materials. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a coated substrate containing PNA materials for PNA systems, useful in the treatment of exhaust gases. Also disclosed are exhaust treatment systems, and vehicles, such as diesel or gasoline vehicles, particularly light-duty diesel or gasoline vehicles, using catalytic converters and exhaust treatment systems using the coated substrates.

An exhaust system for a diesel engine is disclosed. The exhaust system may include a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) configured to receive exhaust gases from the engine and oxidize hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases and a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) downstream from the DOC and configured to store NOx from the exhaust gases at temperatures up to 150 C. A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system may be downstream from the PNA and configured to reduce NOx in the exhaust gases. The PNA may be configured to release the stored NOx at temperatures above 200 C. The DOC upstream of the PNA may reduce the amount of N.sub.2O that is generated by the PNA by oxidizing hydrocarbons before they reach the PNA.

Provided are a titanium dioxide-coated upconverting nanoparticle (UCNP) and a photocatalyst complex containing a gold nanorod (GNR) combined with the titanium dioxide-coated UCNP.

There are provided methods for the valorization of carbohydrates. The methods comprise reacting a fluid comprising at least one carbohydrate with at least one metal catalyst or at least one metal catalytic system in a fluidized bed reactor so as to obtain at least one organic acid or a derivative thereof.

There are provided methods for the valorization of carbohydrates. The methods comprise reacting a fluid comprising at least one carbohydrate with at least one metal catalyst or at least one metal catalytic system in a fluidized bed reactor so as to obtain at least one organic acid or a derivative thereof.

The present invention relates to a method for producing supported catalysts, comprising: providing a metal foam element A, which consists of metallic cobalt, an alloy of nickel and cobalt, or an arrangement of layers of nickel and cobalt, lying one over the other; applying an aluminum-containing powder MP to metal foam element A in order to obtain metal foam element AX; thermally treating metal foam element AX to achieve alloy formation between metal foam element A and aluminum-containing powder MP, in order to obtain metal foam element B; oxidatively treating metal foam element B, in order to obtain metal foam element C; and applying a catalytically active layer, comprising at least one support oxide and at least one catalytically active component, to at least part of the surface of metal foam element C, in order to obtain a supported catalyst. The present invention further relates to the supported catalysts that can be obtained using the method and to the use of said supported catalysts in chemical transformations.

A preparation method of a monometallic or bimetallic nanoparticle-supported catalyst is disclosed. The synthesis of metal nanoparticles with different shapes, sizes, and atomic structures is affected by nucleation and growth rates. By changing a ratio of strong and weak reducing agents, a suitable double reducing agent is provided for metal nanoparticles with different reduction potentials, where the strong reducing agent is used for rapid nucleation and the weak reducing agent is used for the growth of metal nanoparticles. Accordingly, modulation and control of the nucleation and growth rates can be realized during the synthesis of nanoparticles. In addition, through multiple actions of a combination of reducing agents with different reduction intensities, monometallic/bimetallic nanoparticles of different sizes, shapes, and atomic structures are controllably prepared, which are then supported with a carrier to obtain the monometallic or bimetallic nanoparticle-supported catalyst.