A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a unique transition metal tungsten oxy-hydroxide material. The hydroprocessing using the transition metal tungsten oxy-hydroxide material or the decomposition product thereof may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a transition metal tungstate material, or the decomposition product thereof. The hydroprocessing using the crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO.sub.2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO.sub.2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

A method of preparing butadiene that includes supplying butene, oxygen, nitrogen, and steam into a reactor filled with a metal oxide catalyst, and performing an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction at a temperature of 300 to 450 C. as a reaction step; after the reaction step, maintaining supplying the butene, oxygen, nitrogen, and steam within a range within which the flow rate change of the butene, oxygen, nitrogen, and steam is less than 40%, or stopping supplying the butene, and cooling the reactor to a temperature range of 200 C. or lower and higher than 70 C. as a first cooling step; and after the first cooling step, stopping supplying the butene, oxygen, nitrogen, and steam or stopping at least supplying the butene, and cooling the reactor to a temperature of 70 C. or lower as a second cooling step.

A novel mixed metal molybdate useful as a hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been created. The hydroprocessing using the novel mixed metal molybdate material or the decomposition product thereof may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO.sub.2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO.sub.2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

The present disclosure relates to a process for preparing 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluorpropene comprising: (a) hydrogenating 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,3-dichloropropane and (b) dehydrochlorinating 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,3-dichloropropane in the presence of a dehydrochlorination catalyst to form 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluorpropene.

Provided is a composition comprising a ceria-zirconia mixed oxide, the ceria-zirconia mixed oxide being surface-modified with a perovskite type compound of formula (I); wherein formula (I) is defined by A.sub.x-yA.sub.yB.sub.1-zB.sub.zO.sub.3; where: A is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Sr, Ba, Ca, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Gd; A is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Sr, Ba, Ca, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Gd; B is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Ti, Zr, Al, Ga, Sc, Nb, V, W, Bi, Zn, Sn, Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru, Au, Ag, and Ir; B is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Ti, Zr, Al, Ga, Sc, Nb, V, W, Bi, Zn, Sn, Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru, Au, Ag, and Ir; x is from 0.7 to 1; y is from 0 to 0.5; and z is from 0 to 0.5.