The present invention relates to a method for producing the activated catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis comprising: a first step of reducing a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; a second step of preparing liquid hydrocarbon in which a part or all of molecular oxygen is eliminated; and a third step of introducing the reduced catalyst prepared in the first step into the liquid hydrocarbon prepared in the second step while blocking its contact with air. Since the reduced catalyst used for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is introduced into liquid hydrocarbon from which molecular oxygen is removed or coated by liquid hydrocarbon, the catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activated based on the present invention maintains a high activity even if exposed to the air for a long time, thereby easily facilitating the long-term storage and long-distance transfer of the reduced catalyst.

An exhaust gas purification catalyst includes: a first catalyst unit that consists of a hydrogen generating catalyst including a noble metal and an oxide that contains lanthanum, zirconium and an additional element such as neodymium; a second catalyst unit that consists of an oxygen storage/release material and a perovskite oxide disposed in contact with the oxygen storage/release material and represented by the general formula La.sub.xM1.sub.1-xM2O.sub.3-δ, where La is lanthanum, M1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca), M2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn), x satisfies 0<x≦1, and δ satisfies 0≦δ≦1; and a holding material that holds the first catalyst unit and the second catalyst unit in a mutually separated state.

The present invention relates to a process for obtaining 1-octanol which comprises a contact step between ethanol, n-hexanol and a catalyst, wherein said catalyst comprises: i) a metal oxide that comprises the following metals: M1 is at least one bivalent metal selected from Mg, Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Fe, Ni and Ca; M2 is at least one trivalent metal selected from Al, La, Fe, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, and Ga; ii) a noble metal selected from Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh and Re; and iii) optionally, comprises V; with the proviso that the catalyst comprises at least V, Ga or any of their combinations.

A CO shift catalyst according to the present invention reforms carbon monoxide (CO) in gas. The CO shift catalyst has one of molybdenum (Mo) or iron (Fe) as a main component and has an active ingredient having one of nickel (Ni) or ruthenium (Ru) as an accessory component and one or two or more kinds of oxides from among titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), and cerium (Ce) for supporting the active ingredient as a support. The temperature at the time of manufacturing and firing the catalyst is equal to or higher than 550° C.

The present invention provides a catalyst for producing a hydrocarbon from a syngas, including one of a cobalt metal and a combination of a cobalt metal and cobalt oxides; zirconium oxides; and a noble metal; supported by a catalyst support mainly composed of silica, wherein a content of impurities in the catalyst is less than or equal to 0.15 mass %; a producing method and regenerating method thereof; and a producing method of the hydrocarbon by using the catalyst.

Methods and apparatuses to produce graphene and nanoparticle catalysts supported on graphene without the use of reducing agents, and with the concomitant production of heat, are provided. The methods and apparatuses employ radiant energy to reduce (deoxygenate) graphite oxide (GO) to graphene, or to reduce a mixture of GO plus one or more metals to produce nanoparticle catalysts supported on graphene. Methods and systems to generate and utilize heat that is produced by irradiating GO, graphene and their metal and semiconductor nanocomposites with visible, infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. using sunlight, lasers, etc. are also provided.

In a method of manufacturing a bimetallic catalyst for reductively decomposing nitrate nitrogen, a powder including a trivalent iron oxide, a powder including a trivalent iron oxyhydroxide powder or a combination thereof is mixed in an aqueous solution. A copper precursor and a palladium precursor are mixed in the aqueous solution to form a precursor mixture. The precursor mixture is dried. The dried precursor mixture is fired at a temperature from about 300° C. to about 450° C. to form a fired product. The fired product is reduced by a reducing agent. A hydrochloric acid solution is mixed in the aqueous solution, or mixed with the copper precursor or the palladium precursor.

A catalyst system for reducing N.sub.2O emissions in the exhaust system of a vehicle is provided and comprises a support in communication with the exhaust gas stream, with the support including an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet. The support has at least one exhaust gas passage therethrough. The support, which may be in the form of a monolithic, multi-cell honeycomb construction, comprises a first catalytic zone and a second catalytic zone positioned downstream from the first zone. The first catalytic zone includes rhodium or a rhodium-enriched catalyst, while the second catalytic zone includes palladium or a palladium-enriched catalyst.

Disclosed are catalysts, methods, and systems for the bi-reforming of hydrocarbons. The method includes contacting a catalyst material with a reactant feed that includes hydrogen (H.sub.2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), methane (CH.sub.4), and water (H.sub.2O) to produce a product stream that has a H.sub.2/CO molar ratio of 1.4:1 to 2:1. The catalyst can have a metal oxide core, a redox metal oxide layer deposited on a surface of the metal oxide core, and a catalytically active metal deposited on the surface of the redox metal oxide layer. A dopant can be included in the redox metal oxide layer. The catalyst can have a corm-shell type structure.

Provided is a nanostructure catalyst composition and a method for producing organic molecules having at least two carbon atoms chained together by the reaction of a hydrogen-containing source, a carbon-containing source and an optional nitrogen-containing source. Composition of the nanostructure catalyst affects the solar-to-chemical efficiency, active lifetime and reaction product of the artificial photosynthesis reaction.