The present invention relates to catalysts, more particularly to a cobalt-containing catalyst composition. The present invention further relates to a process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor, a process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst, and a hydrocarbon synthesis process wherein such a catalyst is used. According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a cobalt-containing catalyst composition comprising cobalt and/or a cobalt compound supported on and/or in a catalyst support; the catalyst composition also including a titanium compound on and/or in the catalyst support, and a manganese compound on and/or in the catalyst support.

An object of the present invention is to provide ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst having a small apparent density, various properties are maintained in a controllable state and a specified volume is filled with a small weight, and a catalyst using the ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst. To achieve the object, ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst provided with an outer shell structure containing Ti oxide, a catalyst using the ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst are employed.

An object of the present invention is to provide ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst having a small apparent density, various properties are maintained in a controllable state and a specified volume is filled with a small weight, and a catalyst using the ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst. To achieve the object, ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst provided with an outer shell structure containing Ti oxide, a catalyst using the ferrite particles for supporting a catalyst are employed.

An efficient photocatalyst nanocomposite comprising reduced graphene oxide, noble metal, and a metal oxide prepared by a one-step method that utilizes date seed extract as a reducing and nanoparticle determining size agent. The photocatalyst of the invention is a more effective sunlight photocatalyst than that prepared by traditional method in the photo decomposition of organic compounds in contaminated water.

The present invention provides a catalyst, comprising molybdenum; one or more first elements selected from a Group V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, and XI metal (e.g., silver, cobalt, nickel, copper, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, palladium, niobium, and manganese); one or more second elements selected from sulfur, carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, and selenium; and optionally, one or more Group IA metals, wherein the molybdenum is present in an amount of 10-50 wt. % of the total amount of the one or more first elements, the molybdenum, the one or more second elements, and the Group IA metal, and methods of using said catalyst in the production of ethanol from carbon dioxide.

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED:

In an apparatus for synthesizing methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen, a device which is capable to remove the reaction heat and lower the reaction temperature as the reaction progresses in order to increase the conversion ratio to methane has been desired.

SOLUTION:

In the present invention, powders of magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate, which are chemical heat storage agents, are used as part of the fluidizing medium of the multi-stage fluidized bed in the temperature range where the methanation reaction proceeds. The heat generated during the methanation reaction can be absorbed and stored in the powder. At this time, carbon dioxide generated from magnesium carbonate can be used as a raw material gas for the methanation reaction. Furthermore, after discharging the magnesium oxide generated by endotherm, the powder can be regenerated with an external regenerating facility and then the storage heat can be released and recovered. The regenerated powder can be fed to the uppermost stage of the multi-stage fluidized bed at a temperature lower than the internal temperature of the reactor to lower inside temperature. This made it possible to lower the reaction temperature of ascending reaction gas in the reactor along with the reaction progress, and to increase the conversion ratio to the produced methane by this lowered temperature.

A method of fabricating a catalyst material comprises forming or receiving a precursor solution of an iridium precursor compound, adding a 3d orbital transition metal to the precursor solution, adding a surfactant compound to the precursor solution to provide a precursor and surfactant mixture, reacting the iridium precursor compound with a nitrate salt of an alkaline metal cation to provide a reaction product comprising an iridium nitrate, and calcining the iridium nitrate at a specified calcination temperature to convert the iridium nitrate to form catalyst particles comprising an iridium oxide.

The present disclosure relates to yolk-shell structured catalysts having compositions that can be particularly useful in the dry reforming of methane. These catalysts can demonstrate long-term stability that would be an advantage in industrial applications such as mitigating fossil fuel plant emissions. Example catalysts can include a yolk containing nickel (Ni) or nickel oxide (NiO), platinum (Pt) or platinum oxide (PtO.sub.2), and a third material (M3) such as a cerium oxide (CeO.sub.x). The shell can be formed of a ceramic such as silica and is generally a porous material that can support the yolk.

A process for preparing an amine by reacting an aldehyde and/or ketone with a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia and primary and secondary amines, and subsequent hydrogenation of the resulting reaction product in the liquid phase and in the presence of hydrogen and a heterogeneous copper oxide hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature of 20 to 230° C., wherein the aldehyde and/or ketone is reacted with the nitrogen compound either together with the hydrogenation in the liquid phase and in the presence of the hydrogen and of the catalyst (alternative 1) or in a step preceding the hydrogenation (alternative 2), and wherein the catalytically active composition of the catalyst, prior to reduction thereof with hydrogen, comprises at least 24% by weight of oxygen compounds of copper, calculated as Cu.

Catalytic activity of a spent precious metal-iron catalyst is restored by combining the spent catalyst with an iron (III) compound. This can be performed by adding the iron (III) compound into a chemical reaction that contains the spent precious metal-iron catalyst. It is unnecessary to add more of the precious metal. The process is especially useful in a continuous process for converting a nitro compound such as nitrobenzene to the corresponding amine.