Provided is a hydro-regeneration catalyst system, comprising: (a) a first graded bed comprising a guard bed material; and (b) a second graded bed, fluidly connected to the first graded bed, comprising a noble metal catalyst on a support having mesopores and macropores; wherein the noble metal catalyst has an average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm (0.02 to 1 μm), a total pore volume of greater than 0.80 cc/g, and a macropore volume of 0.10 to 0.50 cc/g. Also provided is a guard bed system, comprising: (a) a first guard bed comprising a first adsorbent having 10 μm or larger pores with an average pore diameter of 100 to 1,000 μm; and (b) a second guard bed fluidly connected to the first guard bed, comprising a second adsorbent material having mesopores and macropores with a second average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm.

The invention relates to process for the manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, in a vapor-phase fluorination process. The process of the invention, for example, can comprise a batch or continuous manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, using hydrogen fluoride (HF) in gas phase as fluorination gas. Also, in this process of the invention, for example, fluorination catalysts are involved.

The invention relates to process for the manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, in a vapor-phase fluorination process. The process of the invention, for example, can comprise a batch or continuous manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, using hydrogen fluoride (HF) in gas phase as fluorination gas. Also, in this process of the invention, for example, fluorination catalysts are involved.

A method of depolymerizing plastics using a fluorinated alumina catalyst is described herein. The method reduces the energy required for the depolymerization process while achieving improved depolymerization results.

A method of depolymerizing plastics using a fluorinated alumina catalyst is described herein. The method reduces the energy required for the depolymerization process while achieving improved depolymerization results.

An alkylation process is described. The alkylation process includes contacting a feed comprising a paraffin or an aromatic with an olefin feed in the presence of a liquid Lewis acid catalyst in an alkylation reaction zone under alkylation conditions to form a reaction mixture comprising alkylation products and the liquid Lewis acid catalyst. The liquid Lewis acid catalyst is the liquid reaction product of a donor molecule and a metal halide. The alkylation products are separated from the liquid Lewis acid catalyst and recovered.

An alkylation process is described. The alkylation process includes contacting a feed comprising a paraffin or an aromatic with an olefin feed in the presence of a liquid Lewis acid catalyst in an alkylation reaction zone under alkylation conditions to form a reaction mixture comprising alkylation products and the liquid Lewis acid catalyst. The liquid Lewis acid catalyst is the liquid reaction product of a donor molecule and a metal halide. The alkylation products are separated from the liquid Lewis acid catalyst and recovered.

Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided.

Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided.

A method for recovering carbon fibers from composite waste includes coating a water-soluble catalyst powder on a surface of composite waste having carbon fibers and a resin matrix and pyrolyzing the resin matrix of the coated composite waste.