Disclosed are a catalyst useful for producing organic amines by catalytic amination its preparation and application thereof, which catalyst comprising an inorganic porous carrier containing aluminum and/or silicon, and an active metal component supported on the carrier, the active metal component comprising at least one metal selected from Group VIII and Group IB metals, wherein the carrier has an L acid content of 85% or more relative to the total of the L acid and B acid contents. The catalyst shows an improved catalytic performance when used for producing organic amines by catalytic amination.

Disclosed are a catalyst useful for producing organic amines by catalytic amination its preparation and application thereof, which catalyst comprising an inorganic porous carrier containing aluminum and/or silicon, and an active metal component supported on the carrier, the active metal component comprising at least one metal selected from Group VIII and Group IB metals, wherein the carrier has an L acid content of 85% or more relative to the total of the L acid and B acid contents. The catalyst shows an improved catalytic performance when used for producing organic amines by catalytic amination.

A process and a system thereof include apparatuses for developing multi-component vapor mixture by heating of solution of reactants comprising one or more of diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, and an organic compound. Upon reacting in a vapor state in presence of a catalyst with diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, the organic compound produces a monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound. The entire solution of reactants completely transforms into a super-heated multi-component vapor using heaters without the use of thin film evaporator. The complete transformation of the entire solution of the reactants in to super-heated multicomponent vapor is achieved by heating the entire solution firstly by a pre-heater followed by further heating by a super-heater. The unevaporated or condensed high boilers and tar are removed to drain. The superheated vapor is subjected to vapor phase reaction mediated by catalyst to get monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound.

A process and a system thereof include apparatuses for developing multi-component vapor mixture by heating of solution of reactants comprising one or more of diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, and an organic compound. Upon reacting in a vapor state in presence of a catalyst with diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, the organic compound produces a monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound. The entire solution of reactants completely transforms into a super-heated multi-component vapor using heaters without the use of thin film evaporator. The complete transformation of the entire solution of the reactants in to super-heated multicomponent vapor is achieved by heating the entire solution firstly by a pre-heater followed by further heating by a super-heater. The unevaporated or condensed high boilers and tar are removed to drain. The superheated vapor is subjected to vapor phase reaction mediated by catalyst to get monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound.

Disclosed is a hydrofining catalyst comprising: an inorganic refractory component comprising a first hydrodesulfurization catalytically active component in a mixture with at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, calcium oxide, zirconia and titania; a second hydrodesulfurization catalytically active component; and an organic component comprising a carboxylic acid and optionally an alcohol. The hydrofining catalyst of the present application shows improved performance in the hydrofining of distillate oils. Also disclosed are a hydrofining catalyst system comprising the hydrofining catalyst, a method for preparing the catalyst and catalyst system, and a process for the hydrofining of distillate oils using the catalyst or catalyst system.

Disclosed is a hydrofining catalyst comprising: an inorganic refractory component comprising a first hydrodesulfurization catalytically active component in a mixture with at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, calcium oxide, zirconia and titania; a second hydrodesulfurization catalytically active component; and an organic component comprising a carboxylic acid and optionally an alcohol. The hydrofining catalyst of the present application shows improved performance in the hydrofining of distillate oils. Also disclosed are a hydrofining catalyst system comprising the hydrofining catalyst, a method for preparing the catalyst and catalyst system, and a process for the hydrofining of distillate oils using the catalyst or catalyst system.

This invention comprises a process and a system thereof comprising apparatuses for developing multi-component vapor mixture by heating of solution of reactants comprising one or more of diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, and an organic compound, wherein the organic compound is one which upon reacting in a vapor state in presence of a catalyst with diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, produces a monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound; and wherein the entire solution of reactants completely transforms into a super-heated multi-component vapor using heaters without the use of thin film evaporator. The complete transformation of the entire solution of said reactants in to super-heated multicomponent vapor is achieved by heating the entire solution firstly by a pre-heater followed by further heating by a super-heater, further comprising removal of the condensed high boilers and tar to drain, and subjecting the superheated vapor to vapor phase reaction mediated by catalyst to get monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound.

This invention comprises a process and a system thereof comprising apparatuses for developing multi-component vapor mixture by heating of solution of reactants comprising one or more of diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, and an organic compound, wherein the organic compound is one which upon reacting in a vapor state in presence of a catalyst with diphenols, or diphenol derivatives, produces a monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound; and wherein the entire solution of reactants completely transforms into a super-heated multi-component vapor using heaters without the use of thin film evaporator. The complete transformation of the entire solution of said reactants in to super-heated multicomponent vapor is achieved by heating the entire solution firstly by a pre-heater followed by further heating by a super-heater, further comprising removal of the condensed high boilers and tar to drain, and subjecting the superheated vapor to vapor phase reaction mediated by catalyst to get monoalkyl ether of a dihydric phenolic compound.

Provided is a method for the synthesis of N-protected 3,6-bis-[4-aminobutyl]-2,5-diketopiperazine including the step of heating a solution of ε-amino protected lysine in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphorus pentoxide.

Provided is a method for the synthesis of N-protected 3,6-bis-[4-aminobutyl]-2,5-diketopiperazine including the step of heating a solution of ε-amino protected lysine in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphorus pentoxide.