A porous polymer has a pore volume of 0.3 to 2.5 cm.sup.3/g and comprises a pore having a first pore diameter and a pore having a second pore diameter. A ratio of pore volume of the pore having a first pore diameter to pore volume of the pore having a second pore diameter is 1 to 10:1. The porous polymer is obtained by self-polymerization or copolymerization of at least one of the phosphorus ligands, and phosphorous content of the porous polymer is 1 to 5 mmol/g. The porous polymer-nickel catalyst made of the porous polymer has a significant increase in water resistance, which may reduce the consumption of phosphorus ligands, eliminating the steps of removing water from raw materials and reaction system water control, which greatly saves process equipment investment. When used in the preparation of adiponitrile from butadiene, it has high catalytic activity, high reaction selectivity, and high linearity.

An object of the present invention is to provide a chemical liquid purification method which makes it possible to obtain a chemical liquid having excellent defect inhibition performance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a chemical liquid. The chemical liquid purification method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a chemical liquid purification method including obtaining a chemical liquid by purifying a substance to be purified containing an organic solvent, in which a content of the stabilizer in the substance to be purified with respect to the total mass of the substance to be purified is equal to or greater than 0.1 mass ppm and less than 100 mass ppm.

This application relates to a photoactive product comprising: a catechol-containing compound, an amine-containing polymer, and photoactive material. The photoactive product can act as a photocatalyst and can be used in photoelectrodes for use in, for example, photoelectrochemical analyte sensing, including biosensing. The photoelectrodes modified with hybrid organic/inorganic materials can provide increased light absorption and charge separation, binding sites for attaching biorecognition probes, and built-in film-forming properties for well-adhered and uniform photoactive frameworks on the collector electrodes.

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction.

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction.

A superacid polymeric catalyst having both Lewis acidity and Brønsted acidity is described, along with methods of making and methods of using the same.

The catalyst carrier structure of the present invention includes a central axis, and a plurality of fibers. The surface of each fiber is coated with a catalyst. The fibers are centered on the central axis, and are arranged around the central axis radially outward along the axial direction of the central axis. Each fiber is an independent and separate fiber set on the central axis.

The catalyst carrier structure of the present invention includes a central axis, and a plurality of fibers. The surface of each fiber is coated with a catalyst. The fibers are centered on the central axis, and are arranged around the central axis radially outward along the axial direction of the central axis. Each fiber is an independent and separate fiber set on the central axis.

This invention provides supported catalysts comprising a carrier, phosphorus, at least one Group VI metal, at least one Group VIII metal, and a polymer. In the supported catalyst, the molar ratio of phosphorus to Group VI metal is about 1:1.5 to less than about 1:12, the molar ratio of the Group VI metal to the Group VIII metal is about 1:1 to about 5:1, and the polymer has a carbon backbone and comprises an amido group. Also provided are a process for preparing such supported catalysts, as well as methods for hydrotreating, hydrodenitrogenation, and/or hydrodesulfurization, using supported catalysts.

This invention provides supported catalysts comprising a carrier, phosphorus, at least one Group VI metal, at least one Group VIII metal, and a polymer. In the supported catalyst, the molar ratio of phosphorus to Group VI metal is about 1:1.5 to less than about 1:12, the molar ratio of the Group VI metal to the Group VIII metal is about 1:1 to about 5:1, and the polymer has a carbon backbone and comprises an amido group. Also provided are a process for preparing such supported catalysts, as well as methods for hydrotreating, hydrodenitrogenation, and/or hydrodesulfurization, using supported catalysts.