Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) may have Zn(II), Pb(II), and/or Cd(II) as a central metal ion, a 4,4′-bipyridylethylene (bpe) ligand as a first ligand; and fumaric acid (fum) and/or oxalic acid (ox) as a second ligand, wherein the 4,4′-bipyridylethylene ligands are stacked in the MOF, and wherein a distance between two consecutive 4,4′-bipyridylethylene ligands is less than 5 Å. Cycloadditions, particularly photoinduced [2+2] cycloadditions may be catalyzed by such MOFs, and/or the conversion of photoinduced [2+2] cycloadditions in inventive MOFs may be increased by mechanical force, such as by grinding.

The present disclosure provides a method that embodies a simple and effective route to remove homogeneous catalysts from solutions wherein NMR/MRI signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) or parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is performed. A method for recovering a homogeneous SABRE/PHIP catalyst for reuse is also described.

Catalyst systems suitable for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst having a structure according to Formula (VI) or Formula (VII). In Formulas (VI) and (VII), X is a halogen, a (C.sub.2-C.sub.30) carboxylate, acetylacetonate, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) hydrocarbyl; L.sub.1 is a neutral coordinating ligand; n is an integer from 0 to 6; Y is a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryl, a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryloxy, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted alkoxy; and L∩L is a bidentate chelating ligand. The catalyst system may also include an aluminum containing agent which includes a reaction product of an organoaluminum compound and an antifouling compound. The antifouling compound may include one or more quaternary salts.

The invention describes single-site metal catalysts such as Pt single-site centers on powdered oxide supports with a 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (PDO) or bis-pyrimidyltetrazine (BMTZ) ligand on powdered MgO, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, or CeO.sub.2.

Supported catalysts include a solid support, a metal-ligand complex tethered to a surface of the solid support through at least two surface reactive moieties of the metal-ligand complex, and a conformationally stable molecular pore defined between the metal-ligand complex and the surface of the solid support. The metal-ligand complex includes a catalytic metal center, such as a transition metal, coordinated with multiple monodentate ligands, a multidentate ligand, or a combination thereof. The ligands include a tethering portion that is terminated by a surface reactive moiety tethered to the surface of the solid support by a surface interaction. By tailoring the tethering portion, a volume of the molecular pore may be provided that is selective and suitable for a chosen reactant or a chosen reaction type.

Novel compositions and systems for closure of wounds are disclosed. The compositions provide devices of improved flexibility and elasticity and are readily applied to wound sites or over wound closure devices. The present invention is also directed to a novel platinum catalyst for use in such compositions. The catalyst provides for rapid curing on topical surfaces such as skin and bonds to such surfaces in about 2-5 minutes.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) may have Zn(II), Pb(II), and/or Cd(II) as a central metal ion; a 4,4′-bipyridylethylene (bpe) ligand as a first ligand; and fumaric acid (fum) and/or oxalic acid (ox) as a second ligand, wherein the 4,4′-bipyridylethylene ligands are stacked in the MOF, and wherein a distance between two consecutive 4,4′-bipyridylethylene ligands is less than 5 Å. Cycloadditions, particularly photoinduced [2+2] cycloadditions may be catalyzed by such MOFs, and/or the conversion of photoinduced [2+2] cycloadditions in inventive MOFs may be increased by mechanical force, such as by grinding.

The present invention discloses a photocatalytic process and methodology for the preparation of acetic acid by a hydrocarboxylation reaction of methanol using carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation. Importantly, the reaction occurred under ambient temperature and pressure condition using a readily available household LED lamp in the presence of a transition metal based molecular photocatalyst, homogeneous as well as supported to semiconductor support and a CO.sub.2-philic solvent without adding any external electron and proton donors.

Catalyst systems suitable for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst having a structure according to Formula (VI) or Formula (VII). In Formulas (VI) and (VII), X is a halogen, a (C.sub.2-C.sub.30) carboxylate, acetylacetonate, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) hydrocarbyl; L.sub.1 is a neutral coordinating ligand; n is an integer from 0 to 6; Y is a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryl, a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryloxy, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted alkoxy; and L∩L is a bidentate chelating ligand. The catalyst system may also include an aluminum containing agent which includes a reaction product of an organoaluminum compound and an antifouling compound. The antifouling compound may include one or more organic acids, organic acid salts, esters, anhydrides, or combinations of these.

The present invention relates to a novel method for photocatalytic oxidation of allylic C—H bonds present in alkenes containing at least three carbon atoms. In this newly disclosed method, such alkenes, when reacted with carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in an organic solvent containing a catalyst comprising of a supported molecular complex of transition metal ions under conditions of ambient temperature and pressure using a readily available household LED lamp, yield oxygenated products. The developed method represents a unique way to use CO.sub.2 as an oxygen transfer agent to unsaturated organic compounds along with the formation of CO as a co-product using light as an energy source.