A process for producing isomerized olefins, branched aldehydes and branched alcohols through isomerization, hydroformylation and hydrogenation.

Compositions comprising metal organic frameworks and related methods and uses are generally provided, including use in selective carbonylation of heterocyclic compounds.

A process can be used for producing an organic compound A, which contains at least one primary alcoholic hydroxy group and at least one secondary alcoholic hydroxy group. The process involves reacting a compound B, which contains at least one nitrile group and at least one ketone group, with hydrogen and water in the presence of at least one homogeneous transition metal catalyst TMC 1.

A process can be used for producing an organic compound A, which contains at least one primary alcoholic hydroxy group and at least one secondary alcoholic hydroxy group. The process involves reacting a compound B, which contains at least one nitrile group and at least one ketone group, with hydrogen and water in the presence of at least one homogeneous transition metal catalyst TMC 1.

An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R.sup.8 represents a substituent that has a n bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R.sup.1-R.sup.7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R.sup.1-R.sup.7 that is indicated in formula (2), R.sup.1-R.sup.7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the high frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1).

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A hydroformylation process can be used for short-chain olefins, especially C2 to C5 olefins, wherein the catalyst system is heterogenized on a support that contains a porous ceramic material. Systems can also be used for carrying out said process.

A hydroformylation process can be used for short-chain olefins, especially C2 to C5 olefins, wherein the catalyst system is heterogenized on a support that contains a porous ceramic material. Systems can also be used for carrying out said process.

An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R.sup.8 represents a substituent that has a π bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R.sup.1-R.sup.7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R.sup.1-R.sup.7 that is indicated in formula (2), R.sup.1-R.sup.7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the high frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1). ##STR00001##

The invention relates to a method for producing a formate, the method including a first step of reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide, a hydrogen carbonate or a carbonate using a catalyst in the presence of a solvent to form a formate in the reaction liquid, wherein the reaction is a two-phase system in which an organic phase and an aqueous phase are present in a separated state in the solvent, and a base concentration in the reaction is 2.5 mol/L or more.

The invention relates to a method for producing a formate, the method including a first step of reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide, a hydrogen carbonate or a carbonate using a catalyst in the presence of a solvent to form a formate in the reaction liquid, wherein the reaction is a two-phase system in which an organic phase and an aqueous phase are present in a separated state in the solvent, and a base concentration in the reaction is 2.5 mol/L or more.