The Invention describes integration of photocatalytic materials into composite surfaces in order to achieve antimicrobial properties. Aspects of the invention include types of photocatalytic materials and methods to achieve long lifetimes, high durability and mechanical robustness, for application to medical and sanitary uses, among others.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for NOx removal. More specifically, the present invention relates to a supported catalyst, a monolithic selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, preparation method therefor, and method for NOx removal.

Single crystalline nanoparticles that are tantalum nitride doped with at least one metal are described. The single crystalline nanoparticles can be doped with two metals such as Zr and Mg. The single crystalline nanoparticles can be Ta.sub.3N.sub.5:Mg+Zr, or Ta.sub.3N.sub.5:Mg, or Ta.sub.3N.sub.5:Zr or any combination thereof. Catalyst containing the single crystalline nanoparticles alone or with one or more co-catalyst are further described along with methods of making the nanoparticles and catalyst. Methods to split water utilizing the catalyst are further described.

A catalyst may include a base material, a precious metal, and a metal oxide. At least a portion of the precious metal may form catalytically active sites on a surface of the metal oxide. The catalytically active sites may be formed by depositing the precious metal on the base material to form a catalyst structure, performing a first calcination on the catalyst structure, depositing the metal oxide on the catalyst structure, wherein the precious metal is at least partially encapsulated by the metal oxide, performing a second calcination on the catalyst structure, and reducing the catalyst structure with a reductive material, where at least a portion of the precious metal diffuses to a surface of the metal oxide to form the catalytically active sites.

Disclosed herein are catalyst materials and vehicle catalytic converters having platinum atomically dispersed on a ceria support and having a T.sub.90 value less than or equal to 150 C., wherein the T.sub.90 value represents the temperature required for 90% CO conversion. Also disclosed are methods of making the catalyst material involving hydrothermally treating at a temperature of at least 700 C. a Pt/ceria material comprising atomically dispersed Pt on a ceria support and activating 90% CO conversion at a temperature less than or equal to 150 C. (i.e., T.sub.90150 C.).

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a sulfur-resistant catalyst for aromatics saturated hydrogenation, comprising the steps of: preparing noble metal impregnation solutions from a noble metal and deionized water or an acid solution; impregnating a carrier with the impregnation solutions sequentially from high to low concentrations by incipient impregnation; homogenizing, drying, and calcinating to obtain the sulfur-resistant catalyst for aromatics saturated hydrogenation. The catalyst for aromatics saturated hydrogenation prepared by the method according to the present invention is primarily used in processing low-sulfur and high-aromatics light distillate, middle distillate, atmospheric gas oil, and vacuum gas oil. The method according to the present invention is advantageous in that the catalyst for aromatics saturated hydrogenation exhibits good hydrofining performance, superior aromatics saturation performance, high liquid yield of products, as well as excellent desulfurization and sulfur-resistance, and the catalyst has remarkable effects in use and a great prospect of application.

Described herein are methods, compositions and kits utilizing heterogeneous metal catalysts for the preparation of cycloaddition compounds, such as triazoles and biomolecules.

An exhaust gas purifying catalyst having first carrier particles, second carrier particles, and precious metal catalyst particles supported on the first and second carrier particles, wherein: the first carrier particles contain ceria, zirconia, and a rare-earth oxide other than ceria; the second carrier particles contain a rare-earth oxide other than ceria, and may contain ceria and zirconia; the contained proportion of ceria and zirconia in the first carrier particles is higher than the contained proportion of ceria and zirconia in the second carrier particles; the contained proportion of the rare-earth oxide in the second carrier particles is higher than the contained proportion of the rare-earth oxide in the first carrier particles; and the contained proportion of ceria in the first carrier particles is 45 wt % or less, while the precious metal catalyst particles include rhodium particles.

Provided is catalyst material useful for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx in lean burn exhaust gas, wherein the catalyst material is a hydrothermally stable, low SAR aluminosilicate zeolite loaded with a synergistic combination of one or more transition metals, such as copper, and one or more alkali or alkaline earth metals, such as calcium or potassium.

An oxidation catalyst device for exhaust gas purification, having a first catalyst coating layer on the exhaust gas flow's upstream side, second catalyst coating layer of an upper layer on exhaust gas flow's downstream side, and third catalyst coating layer of a lower layer on exhaust gas flow's downstream side, on a substrate, wherein the weight ratio of platinum to palladium in the first catalyst coating layer is 0.75 to 4.50, weight ratio of platinum to palladium in second catalyst coating layer is greater than 4.50 to 25.0, weight ratio of platinum to palladium in third catalyst coating layer is 0.12 or less, the length of first catalyst coating layer is 8% to 55% of the substrate's length, length of second catalyst coating layer is 45% to 95% of the substrate's length, and length of third catalyst coating layer is 45% to 95% of the substrate's length.