The invention pertains to a method for manufacturing crystalline carbon nanostructures and/or a network of crystalline carbon nanostructures, comprising: (i) providing a bicontinuous micro-emulsion containing metal nanoparticles having an average particle size between 1 and 100 nm; (ii) bringing said bicontinuous micro-emulsion into contact with a substrate; and (iii) subjecting said metal nanoparticles and a gaseous carbon source to chemical vapor deposition, thus forming carbon nanostructures and/or a network of carbon nanostructures. Therewith, it is now possible to obtain crystalline carbon nanostructures networks, preferably carbon nanotubes networks.

A catalytically active material is provided. The material includes a mixed oxide having a first metal selected from group 4 of the periodic table of elements and/or a second metal, and at least one further metal selected from group 11 of the periodic table of elements, wherein the macroscopic composition of the material given by the chemical formula corresponds to the composition of the material at a molecular level. A coating made of such a material is also provide, as is an article having such a coating, and a method for producing such a material.

A multimetallic core/interlayer/shell nanoparticle comprises an inner core formed from a first metal. An interlayer is disposed on the first layer. The interlayer includes a plurality of gold atoms. An outer shell is disposed over the interlayer. The outer shell includes platinum and the first metal. A surface of the NP is substantially free of gold. The first metal is selected from the group consisting of nickel, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, vanadium, yttrium, ruthenium, palladium, scandium, tin, lead and zinc.

The current document is directed to an efficient multi-channel chemical reactor having a multichannel core containing a plurality of parallel channels, with conductive walls, having a varying composition along their lengths. The channels are heated by a frequency-addressing different regions within the reactor with an inductive coil, driven by an agile frequency or spread spectrum emission controller.

Improved methods of oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of short chain alkanes or ethylbenzene to the corresponding olefins, and improved methods of oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to ethylene and/or ethane, are disclosed. The disclosed methods use boron- or nitride-containing catalysts, and result in improved selectivity and/or byproduct profiles than methods using conventional ODH or OCM catalysts.

A catalyst carrier, an electrode catalyst, an electrode including the catalyst, a membrane electrode assembly including the electrode, a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly, and a method for producing the catalyst carrier. The catalyst carrier includes a carbon material having a chain structure including a chain of carbon particles. The catalyst carrier contains a titanium compound-carbon composite particle in which carbon encloses a titanium compound particle. The molar ratios of a carbon element, a nitrogen element, and an oxygen element to a titanium element taken as 1 in the catalyst carrier are more than 0 and 50 or less, more than 0 and 2 or less, and more than 0 and 3 or less, respectively.

Disclosed are cathodes comprising a conductive support substrate having a catalyst coating containing nickel phosphide nanoparticles. The conductive support substrate is capable of incorporating a material to be reduced, such as CO.sub.2 or CO. Also disclosed are electrochemical methods for generating hydrocarbon and/or carbohydrate products from CO.sub.2 or CO using water as a source of hydrogen.

A powdered catalyst material on a titanium oxide basis. The powdered catalyst material includes a combined content of at least 90 wt.-% of a hydrated titanium oxide having the general formula TiO.sub.(2-x)(OH).sub.2x, with 0<x?1, (calculated as TiO.sub.2), and a silicon dioxide and hydrated precursors of the silicon dioxide (calculated as SiO.sub.2). A weight ratio of TiO.sub.2/SiO.sub.2, determined for TiO.sub.2 and SiO.sub.2 respectively, is at least 3 and less than 30. The wt.-% is based on a total weight of the catalyst material after the catalyst material has been dried at 105? C. for at least 2 hours. The powdered catalyst material has a specific surface area of >300 m.sup.2/g and an isoelectric point of from 4.0 to 7.0.

Embodiments described herein generally relate to hydrogenation catalysts, syntheses of hydrogenation catalysts, and apparatus and methods for hydrogenation. Methods for forming a hydrogenation catalyst may include mixing a silica generating precursor with a copper precursor and adding an ammonium salt to an end pH of between about 5 to about 9. Methods for hydrogenating an oxalate may include forming a reaction mixture by flowing a hydrogenation catalyst to a reactor, flowing a hydrogen source to the reactor, and flowing an oxalate to the reactor, wherein the hydrogenation catalyst has a particle size between about 10 nm to about 40 nm. Methods may further include reacting the oxalate to form ethylene glycol.

The present disclosure relates to a substrate containing passive NO.sub.x adsorption (PNA) materials for treatment of gases, and washcoats for use in preparing such a substrate. Also provided are methods of preparation of the PNA materials, as well as methods of preparation of the substrate containing the PNA materials. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a coated substrate containing PNA materials for PNA systems, useful in the treatment of exhaust gases. Also disclosed are exhaust treatment systems, and vehicles, such as diesel or gasoline vehicles, particularly light-duty diesel or gasoline vehicles, using catalytic converters and exhaust treatment systems using the coated substrates.