The present disclosure relates to the technical field of fine chemical engineering, and particularly discloses a stepwise solidus synthesis method for a micro-mesoporous calcium aluminate catalyst, comprising: mixing a calcium oxide-based powder with an alumina-based powder and an adhesion pore-enlarging agent; pelleting and molding the mixture; pyrolyzing and coking the pelleted and molded product in a rotary kiln reactor under the conditions including an outlet reaction temperature of 300 C.500 C. and a residence time of 0.23.5 h; and subsequently carrying out a solidus reaction in an internal heating rotary kiln reactor under the conditions including an outlet reaction temperature of 900 C.1,500 C. and a residence time of 0.15 h to produce calcium aluminate; decomposing and gasifying the pyrolyzed char in the calcium aluminate to promote the formation of pores, thereby producing micro-mesoporous calcium aluminate catalyst; wherein the weight ratio between the calcium oxide-based powder and the alumina-based powder is within a range of 12:(215), the added amount of the adhesion pore-enlarging agent accounts for 0.115% by weight of a total amount of the calcium oxide-based powder and alumina-based powder; wherein the weight of the calcium oxide-based powder is calculated based on calcium oxide, and the weight of the alumina-based powder is calculated based on alumina. The calcium aluminate catalyst prepared with the method provided by the present disclosure has advantages of large specific surface area, low density and high strength.

A zeolite fluid catalytic cracking catalyst is provided that passivates nickel and vanadium during catalytic cracking. The zeolite fluid catalytic cracking catalyst includes Y-faujasite crystallized in-situ from a metakaolin-containing calcined microsphere. The zeolite fluid catalytic cracking catalyst further includes an alumina-containing matrix obtained by calcination of a dispersible crystalline boehmite and a kaolin contained in the metakaolin-containing calcined microsphere, where the dispersible crystalline boehmite has a crystallite size of less than 500 . Also provided are a method of reducing contaminant coke and hydrogen yields and a method of catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feed stocks.

Provided is a catalyst having a core-shell structure (which employs a core comprised of a highly electrochemically stable, relatively inexpensive material and thereby reduces the amount of platinum used, while providing a better cost/performance ratio in catalytic activity as compared to when platinum particles are used as a catalyst) for use in an oxygen reduction reaction (cathode reaction in a fuel cell), and to provide an oxygen reduction method using the catalyst. Provided is a core-shell catalyst for use for an oxygen reduction reaction, including: a core that is comprised of silver; and a shell layer that comprised of platinum, the shell layer being comprised of platinum atoms constituting a (111) plane of or a (001) plane of a face centered cubic lattice, in the shell layer, a nearest neighbor platinum-platinum interatomic distance falling within the range of from 2.81 {acute over ()} to 2.95 {acute over ()}.

Provided is a catalyst system for oxidative dehydrogenation, a reactor for preparing butadiene including the catalyst system, and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene. In the catalyst system for oxidative dehydrogenation, a coating catalyst is diluted with a specific dilution filler and a reactor is filled with the diluted catalyst, or a reactor is filled with a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation so that the concentration of an active ingredient included in the catalyst gradually increases in the direction from reactants inlet in which reactants are fed into the reactor to products outlet. The catalyst system for oxidative dehydrogenation can efficiently control heat generated inside a reactor, thereby improving conversion rate, selectivity, yield, and long-term stability of a catalyst.

A catalyst support may be provided that comprises: an inner core, which includes at least one phase change material; a coating layer around the inner core, which includes at least one metal oxide; a catalytically active layer, which is positioned in interstices of the coating layer and/or lying on the coating layer, wherein at least one catalytically active substance is included in the catalytically active layer; and a supporting layer which is positioned under the coating layer. A recycle reactor may be provided comprising a reservoir for accommodating a chemical hydrogen storage substance; the catalyst support; a screw conveyor for input and transport of the catalyst support; and a heating device with which the catalyst support can be heated. A method for releasing hydrogen from a chemical hydrogen storage substance may be provided.

A method for preparing a catalyst, including: 1) uniformly mixing attapulgite, lithium-manganese spinel (LiMn spinel), manganese dioxide powders to form mixed raw material; adding water to the mixed raw material; stirring and mixing the mixed raw material and the water for between 5 and 15 min to yield a reaction mixture; 2) feeding the reaction mixture in 1) to a pelletizer to prepare spherical particles or hollow cylindrical particles; drying the spherical particles or the hollow cylindrical particles to yield a precursor; 3) heating the precursor in a muffle furnace, and calcining the precursor to yield a crude catalyst; 4) mixing the crude catalyst with an acid solution; alternating between ultrasound and microwave to wash the crude catalyst; and 5) washing the crude catalyst in 4) with water; and drying the catalyst for 12 hrs in air at 105 C.

Disclosed is a process for the conversion of acyclic C.sub.5 feedstock to a product comprising cyclic C.sub.5 compounds, including cyclopentadiene, and formulated catalyst compositions for use in such process. The process comprises contacting the feedstock and, optionally, hydrogen under acyclic C.sub.5 conversion conditions in the presence of a catalyst composition to form the product. The catalyst composition comprises a microporous crystalline metallosilicate, a Group 10 metal or compound thereof, a binder, optionally, a metal selected from the group consisting of rare earth metals, metals of Groups 8, 9, or 11, mixtures or combinations thereof, or a compound thereof, in combination with a Group 1 alkali metal or a compound thereof and/or a Group 2 alkaline earth metal or a compound thereof.

A microspherical fluid catalytic cracking catalyst includes zeolite, and alkali metal ion or alkaline earth metal ion.

Methods of synthesizing Bi.sub.2S.sub.3CdS particles in the form of spheres as well as properties of these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3CdS particles are described. Methods of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants employing these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3CdS particles and methods of preventing or reducing microbial growth on a surface by applying these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3CdS particles in the form of a solution or an antimicrobial product onto the surface are also specified.

Monolithic composite photocatalysts for fluid purification, chemical transformations, and surface sterilization are disclosed. The monolithic composite photocatalysts comprise a photoactive nanocrystal component and a non-photoactive porous support. Photocatalytic fluid purification systems that contact an impurity-containing fluid with the subject monolithic composite photocatalysts are also disclosed.