Methods and manufacturing processes for photocatalyst extrusion, extrudate photocatalysts, and photoreactor utilizing extrudate photocatalysts as a photocatalyst packed bed. An example method includes co-precipitating solutions to form a photocatalyst slurry, centrifugating and drying the slurry to form a dried powder, mixing the dried powder with a binder and a porogen and combining with a solvent to form a dough, feeding the dough through an extruder to create extrudates having a predetermined shape and cross-section, drying the extrudate, and thermally treating the extrudate after drying.

Methods and manufacturing processes for photocatalyst extrusion, extrudate photocatalysts, and photoreactor utilizing extrudate photocatalysts as a photocatalyst packed bed. An example method includes co-precipitating solutions to form a photocatalyst slurry, centrifugating and drying the slurry to form a dried powder, mixing the dried powder with a binder and a porogen and combining with a solvent to form a dough, feeding the dough through an extruder to create extrudates having a predetermined shape and cross-section, drying the extrudate, and thermally treating the extrudate after drying.

A smart catalyst support with real-time temperature field monitoring and dynamic regulation in the reaction zone is provided. Specifically for a variety of different properties of the material composition of the three-dimensional porous structure; three-dimensional porous structure using multi-material 3D printing technology and selective carbonization process manufacturing and forming; the three-dimensional porous structure consists of three parts: thermoelectric phase, conductor phase and structural phase, responsible for temperature field perception, temperature field regulation and electrical isolation, respectively; temperature field sensing is realized by the combination of thermoelectric phase and conductor to form a thermocouple using the Seebeck effect; temperature field regulation is realized by generating joule heat to the input current of the conductor phase; the temperature field sensing and temperature field regulation process are interconnected from electrical isolation by structural phase, using the insulation properties of the structural phase to achieve.

A smart catalyst support with real-time temperature field monitoring and dynamic regulation in the reaction zone is provided. Specifically for a variety of different properties of the material composition of the three-dimensional porous structure; three-dimensional porous structure using multi-material 3D printing technology and selective carbonization process manufacturing and forming; the three-dimensional porous structure consists of three parts: thermoelectric phase, conductor phase and structural phase, responsible for temperature field perception, temperature field regulation and electrical isolation, respectively; temperature field sensing is realized by the combination of thermoelectric phase and conductor to form a thermocouple using the Seebeck effect; temperature field regulation is realized by generating joule heat to the input current of the conductor phase; the temperature field sensing and temperature field regulation process are interconnected from electrical isolation by structural phase, using the insulation properties of the structural phase to achieve.

A precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst with a preparation method and an application are provided. The precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst includes a carrier, a precious metal and a promoter. As an active component, the precious metal and the promoter are evenly distributed on surface of the carrier, wherein the promoter includes one or more than two of a precious metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal lanthanide series metal, an actinium series metal and/or a metal oxide thereof. With a highly utilization of the precious metal, the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst showed high conversion, good selectivity and excellent stability, and the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst is used more than 300 hours with no obvious loss of activity in preparing 1,3-propanediol through hydrogenation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde aqueous solution. Furthermore, with large particles the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst is easily separated from reaction products.

A shaped catalyst body for manufacturing a synthetic gas according to an aspect includes a catalyst including a carrier and a metal active particle supported on the carrier, wherein a metal oxide coating layer is present on at least a portion of surfaces of the metal active particle and carrier.

A shaped catalyst body for manufacturing a synthetic gas according to an aspect includes a catalyst including a carrier and a metal active particle supported on the carrier, wherein a metal oxide coating layer is present on at least a portion of surfaces of the metal active particle and carrier.

A process is described for steam reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising passing a mixture of the hydrocarbon feedstock and steam through a catalyst bed comprising a particulate nickel steam reforming catalyst and a structured nickel steam reforming catalyst disposed within a plurality of externally heated tubes in a tubular steam reformer, wherein each tube has an inlet to which the mixture of hydrocarbon and steam is fed, an outlet from which a reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam and methane is recovered, and the steam reforming catalyst at the outlet of the tubes is the structured steam reforming catalyst, wherein the particulate steam reforming catalyst comprises 5 to 30% by weight nickel, and the structured steam reforming catalyst comprises nickel dispersed over the surface of a porous metal oxide present as a coating on a non-porous metal or ceramic structure.

A process is described for steam reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising passing a mixture of the hydrocarbon feedstock and steam through a catalyst bed comprising a particulate nickel steam reforming catalyst and a structured nickel steam reforming catalyst disposed within a plurality of externally heated tubes in a tubular steam reformer, wherein each tube has an inlet to which the mixture of hydrocarbon and steam is fed, an outlet from which a reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam and methane is recovered, and the steam reforming catalyst at the outlet of the tubes is the structured steam reforming catalyst, wherein the particulate steam reforming catalyst comprises 5 to 30% by weight nickel, and the structured steam reforming catalyst comprises nickel dispersed over the surface of a porous metal oxide present as a coating on a non-porous metal or ceramic structure.

Halloysite powder is disclosed. The halloysite powder includes a granule in which halloysite including halloysite nanotubes and titanium oxide are aggregated. The granule includes a first pore derived from a tube hole of the halloysite nanotubes, and a second pore different from the first pore. The halloysite powder may have a differential pore distribution determined from a nitrogen adsorption isotherm by BJH method exhibiting two or more pore size peaks.