The present invention is to provide a carbon powder that can provide a catalyst having excellent durability and a catalyst. A carbon powder for catalyst of the present invention is a carbon powder containing as a main component carbon, which has a BET specific surface area per unit weight of 900 m.sup.2/g or greater, and a ratio R (D/G intensity ratio) of peak intensity for a D-band (D intensity) measured in the vicinity of 1620 cm.sup.1 to peak intensity for a G-band (G intensity) measured in the vicinity of 1580 cm.sup.1 by Raman spectroscopy of 0.6 or less.

Embodiments of processes for producing propylene utilize a dual catalyst system comprising a mesoporous silica catalyst impregnated with metal oxide and a mordenite framework inverted (MFI) structured silica catalyst downstream of the mesoporous silica catalyst, where the mesoporous silica catalyst includes a pore size distribution of at least 2.5 nm to 40 nm and a total pore volume of at least 0.600 cm.sup.3/g, and the MFI structured silica catalyst has a total acidity of 0.001 mmol/g to 0.1 mmol/g. The propylene is produced from the butene stream via metathesis by contacting the mesoporous silica catalyst and subsequent cracking by contacting the MFI structured silica catalyst.

A porous body with enhanced fluid transport properties and crush strength is provided. The porous body includes the porous body includes at least 80 percent alpha alumina and having a pore volume from 0.3 mL/g to 1.2 mL/g, a surface area from 0.3 m.sup.2/g to 3.0 m.sup.2/g, and a pore architecture that provides at least one of a tortuosity of 7 or less, a constriction of 4 or less and a permeability of 30 mdarcys or greater, wherein the porous body is a cylinder comprising at least two spaced apart holes that extend through an entire length of the cylinder. The porous body has a flat plate crush strength improved by more than 10% over a porous body cylinder having a same outer diameter and length, but having only a single hole.

A precursor mixture for producing a porous body, wherein the precursor mixture comprises: (i) milled alpha alumina powder having a particle size of 0.1 to 6 microns, (ii) boehmite powder that functions as a binder of the alpha alumina powders, and (iii) burnout materials having a particle sizes of 1-10 microns. In some embodiments, an unmilled alpha alumina powder having a particle size of 10 to 100 microns is also included in said precursor mixture. Also described herein is a method for producing a porous body in which the above-described precursor mixture is formed to a given shape, and subjected to a heat treatment step in which the formed shape is sintered to produce the porous body.

Disclosed is a catalyst composition and its use in a process for the conversion of a feedstock containing C.sub.8+ aromatic hydrocarbons to produce light aromatic products, comprising benzene, toluene and xylene. The catalyst composition comprises a first zeolite having a constraint index of 3 to 12, a second zeolite comprising a mordenite zeolite synthesized from TEA or MTEA, at least one first metal of Group 10 of the IUPAC Periodic Table, and at least one second metal of Group 11 to 15 of the IUPAC Periodic Table, wherein said mordenite zeolite has a mesopore surface area of greater than 30 m.sup.2/g and said mordenite zeolite comprises agglomerates composed of primary crystallites, wherein said primary crystallites have an average primary crystal size as measured by TEM of less than 80 nm and an aspect ratio of less than 2.

A catalyst for purification of exhaust gas, wherein a substrate and a catalyst coat layer which is formed on a surface of the substrate and which comprises catalyst particles, wherein the catalyst coat layer has an average thickness in a range of 25 to 160 m, and a void fraction in a range of 50 to 80% by volume as measured by a weight-in-water method, 0.5 to 50% by volume of all voids in the catalyst coat layer consist of high-aspect ratio pores which have equivalent circle diameters in a range of 2 to 50 m in a cross-sectional image of a cross-section of the catalyst coat layer which the cross-section is perpendicular to a flow direction of exhaust gas in the substrate, and which have aspect ratios of 5 or higher, and the high-aspect ratio pores have an average aspect ratio in a range of 10 to 50.

A catalyst composition includes a zeolite, a binder, and a Group 12 transition metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, or a combination thereof, the zeolite having a silicon to aluminum ratio of at least about 10, the catalyst composition comprising about 50 wt % or less of the binder based on a total weight of the catalyst composition, the catalyst composition having a micropore surface area of at least about 340 m.sup.2/g, a molar ratio of Group 12 transition metal to aluminum of about 0.1 to about 1.3, and at least one of (a) a mesoporosity of greater than about 20 m.sup.2/g; (b) a diffusivity for 2,2-dimethylbutane of greater than about 110.sup.2 sec.sup.1 when measured at a temperature of about 120 C. and a 2,2-dimethylbutane pressure of about 60 torr (about 8 kPa).

A catalyst composition comprising a zeolite, an alumina binder, and a Group 12 transition metal selected from Zn and/or Cd, the zeolite having a Si/Al ratio of at least about 10 and a micropore surface area of at least about 340 m.sup.2/g, the catalyst composition comprising about 50 wt % or less of the binder, based on a total weight of the catalyst composition, and having a micropore surface area of at least about 290 m.sup.2/g, a molar ratio of Group 12 transition metal to aluminum of about 0.1 to about 1.3, and at least one of: a mesoporosity of about 20 m.sup.2/g to about 120 m.sup.2/g; a diffusivity for 2,2-dimethylbutane of greater than about 110.sup.2 sec.sup.1 when measured at a temperature of about 120 C. and a 2,2-dimethylbutane pressure of about 60 torr (8 kPa); and a combined micropore surface area and mesoporosity of at least about 380 m.sup.2/g.

A family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized that is a layered pentasil zeolite. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula:

M.sub.m.sup.n+R.sub.r.sup.p+Al.sub.1-xE.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.z

where M is an alkali, alkaline earth, or rare earth metal such as sodium or strontium, R can be a mixture of organoammonium cations and E is a framework element such as gallium, iron, boron, or indium. These zeolites are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Provided is an exhaust purification filter that is able to reduce pressure loss and that has high exhaust purification performance and particulate matter trapping performance. This exhaust purification filter comprises a filter substrate having a wall flow structure, and an exhaust purification catalyst supported on a partition wall of the filter substrate. The volume-based median pore diameter (D50) of the filter substrate is 18 ?m or greater, the full width at half maximum of the pore distribution of the filter substrate is 7 ?m to 15 ?m, and the exhaust purification catalyst is supported in an unevenly distributed manner in a high-density layer in which the density of the exhaust purification catalyst is relatively high and a low-density layer in which the density of the exhaust purification catalyst is relatively low.