A metal oxide nanorod array structure according to embodiments disclosed herein includes a monolithic substrate having a surface and multiple channels, an interface layer bonded to the surface of the substrate, and a metal oxide nanorod array coupled to the substrate surface via the interface layer. The metal oxide can include ceria, zinc oxide, tin oxide, alumina, zirconia, cobalt oxide, and gallium oxide. The substrate can include a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, a silicon substrate, a ceramic monolith, and a stainless steel monolith. The ceramic can include cordierite, alumina, tin oxide, and titania. The nanorod array structure can include a perovskite shell, such as a lanthanum-based transition metal oxide, or a metal oxide shell, such as ceria, zinc oxide, tin oxide, alumina, zirconia, cobalt oxide, and gallium oxide, or a coating of metal particles, such as platinum, gold, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium, over each metal oxide nanorod. Structures can be bonded to the surface of a substrate and resist erosion if exposed to high velocity flow rates.

Ceramic catalyst carriers that are mechanically, thermally and chemically stable in a ionic salt monopropellant decomposition environment, high temperature catalysts for decomposition of liquid high-energy-density monopropellants and ceramic processing techniques for producing spherical catalyst carrier granules are disclosed. The ceramic processing technique is used to produce spherical catalyst carrier granules with controlled porosities and desired composition and allows for reproducible packing densities of catalyst granules in thruster chambers. The ceramic catalyst carrier has excellent thermal shock resistance, good compatibility with the active metal coating and metal coating deposition processes, melting point above >2300 C., chemical resistance to steam, nitrogen oxides and nitric acid, resistance to sintering to prevent void formation, and the absence of phase transition associated with volumetric changes at temperatures up to and beyond 1800 C.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a support and a catalytic metal as one or more precious metals supported by the support. The support includes a composite oxide having a composition represented by a general formula AB.sub.C.sub.O.sub.3, wherein A represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, and yttrium, B represents iron or a combination of iron and aluminum, C represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten, and each represents a numerical value within a range of more than 0 and less than 1, and and satisfy relational formulae of > and +1.

A preparation method of perovskite catalyst, represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: La.sub.xAg.sub.(1-x)MnO.sub.3 (0.1x0.9), includes the steps of 1) preparing a metal precursor solution including a lanthanum metal precursor, a manganese metal precursor and a silver metal precursor, 2) adding maleic or citric acid to the metal precursor solution, 3) drying the mixture separately several times with sequentially elevating the temperature in the range of 160 to 210 C., and 4) calcining the dried mixture at 600 to 900 C. for 3 hours to 7 hours.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a support and a catalytic metal as one or more precious metals supported by the support. The support includes a composite oxide having a composition represented by a general formula AB.sub.C.sub.O.sub.3, wherein A represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, and yttrium, B represents iron or a combination of iron and aluminum, C represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten, and each represents a numerical value within a range of more than 0 and less than 1, and and satisfy relational formulae of > and +1.

The present invention relates to a perovskite-type strontium titanate, wherein the strontium titanate is Y- and Ni-doped and has the general formula (Sr,Y)(Ti,Ni)O.sub.3. A method of preparing the perovskite-type strontium titanate and its use are also provided.

The present disclosure relates to a substrate comprising nanoparticle catalysts and NO.sub.x storage materials for treatment of gases, and washcoats for use in preparing such a substrate. Also provided are methods of preparation of the nanoparticle catalysts and NO.sub.x storage materials, as well as methods of preparation of the substrate comprising the nanoparticle catalysts and NO.sub.x storage materials. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a coated substrate comprising nanoparticle catalysts and NO.sub.x storage materials for lean NO.sub.x trap (LNT) systems, useful in the treatment of exhaust gases.

A method for making a metal oxide material and catalyzing the oxidative coupling of methane, including mixing a metal cation-containing oxidizer portion and a reducing fuel portion with water to define an aqueous solution, evaporatively removing water from the aqueous solution to yield a concentrated liquid, burning the concentrated liquid yield an homogeneous metal oxide powder, flowing methane from a first source and oxygen from a second source over the homogeneous metal oxide powder, and catalyzing an oxidative coupling of methane reaction with the homogeneous metal oxide powder. The homogeneous metal oxide powder contains metal oxides selected from the group including LaSrAlO.sub.4, LaAlO.sub.3, Sr.sub.3Al.sub.2O.sub.6, Na.sub.2WO.sub.4Mn/SiO.sub.2, and combinations thereof.

A preparation method of perovskite catalyst, represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: La.sub.xAg.sub.(1-x)MnO.sub.3 (0.1x0.9), includes the steps of 1) preparing a metal precursor solution including a lanthanum metal precursor, a manganese metal precursor and a silver metal precursor, 2) adding maleic or citric acid to the metal precursor solution, 3) drying the mixture separately several times with sequentially elevating the temperature in the range of 160 to 210 C., and 4) calcining the dried mixture at 600 to 900 C. for 3 hours to 7 hours.

The present application discloses a catalyst with a perovskite structure, a method for preparing the same, and a dry reforming method using the same. The catalyst is represented by A.sub.1-yA.sub.yTi.sub.1-xRu.sub.xO.sub.3 and includes Ru nanoparticles exsoluted onto the catalyst surface. In the formula, A is Sr, Ca, or a combination thereof, A is La, Y, or a combination thereof, x is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, and y is greater than 0 and less than 1.0. The catalyst has the effect of maximizing the conversion rates of methane and carbon dioxide by maximizing the active sites for dry reforming reaction as well as thermal stability.