An abbreviated, energy efficient and manipulative process and recipe using a novel binder-combination, to custom-make shaped TS-1 product wherein, their physico-chemical attributes can be engineered, variegated or optimized independent of one another, according to specific stipulations for diverse catalytic reactions that employ them.

A catalyst precursor represented by the following formula (1) having an average particle diameter (D50), which is a particle diameter at which a cumulative volume fraction is 50%, of 10 ?m or more and 40 ?m or less.

Mo.sub.a1Bi.sub.b1Ni.sub.c1Co.sub.d1Fe.sub.e1X.sub.f1Y.sub.g1Z.sub.h1O.sub.i1(1) where, Mo, Bi, Ni, Co and Fe represent molybdenum, bismuth, nickel, cobalt, and iron, respectively; X is tungsten or the like; Y is potassium or the like; and Z belongs to the 1st to 16th groups in the periodic table and represents at least one element selected from elements other than the above Mo, Bi, Ni, Co, Fe, X, and Y.

Catalytic compositions and sequential catalytic methods are generally described. In some embodiments, a composition comprises a first catalyst comprising a Cu-modified zeolite, and a second catalyst capable of a coupling reaction between (a) an intermediate resulting from a reaction of a reactant at the first catalyst, and (b) a co-reagent, wherein a rate of diffusion of the co-reagent within one or more cages and/or pores of the first catalyst is lower than a rate of diffusion of the intermediate within the one or more cages and/or pores of the first catalyst.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst with good physical properties and high cobalt loading. In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a supported cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, said process comprising the following steps of: (a) impregnating a support powder or granulate with a cobalt-containing compound; (b) calcining the impregnated support powder or granulate and extruding to form an extrudate; or extruding the impregnated support powder or granulate to form an extrudate and calcining the extrudate; and (c) impregnating the calcined product with a cobalt-containing compound; or forming a powder or granulate of the calcined product, impregnating with a cobalt-containing compound and extruding to form an extrudate.

An oxygen carrier (OC) for use in Chemical Looping technology with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) for the combustion of carbonaceous fuels, in which commercial grade metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, and Co oxides and mixtures thereof constitute a primary oxygen carrier component. The oxygen carrier contains, at least, a secondary oxygen carrier component which is comprised by low-value industrial materials which already contain metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Co, Fe, Ni oxides or mixtures thereof. The secondary oxygen carrier component has a minimum oxygen carrying capacity of 1 g of O.sub.2 per 100 g material in chemical looping reactions. Methods for the manufacture of the OC are also disclosed.

A continuous process for reforming one or more hydrocarbons to a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the start-up phase of said process comprising (i) providing a reactor comprising a reaction zone which comprises a catalyst comprising a mixed oxide comprising cobalt and oxygen; (ii) continuously passing an inert gas stream through the reaction zone according to (i), said inert gas stream comprising one or more inert gases; (iii) continuously passing a reactant gas stream into the reaction zone obtained from (ii), wherein from 95 to 100 volume-% of the reactant gas stream passed into the reaction zone consist of the one or more hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and water; subjecting said reactant gas stream to reforming conditions in said reaction zone; and removing a product stream from said reaction zone, said product stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

This invention relates to a composite composition for harmful gas removal containing a copper-manganese catalyst, which is capable of removing ambient and indoor pollutants, such as carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds, the composite composition including a copper-manganese composite catalyst hybridized with an inorganic layer compound, an inorganic filler, activated carbon, and a binder.

A method for producing a conjugated diene according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a step of contacting a raw material gas containing an alkane with a first catalyst and a second catalyst in this order to obtain a product gas containing a conjugated diene. In the production method, the first catalyst contains Sn and Pt, and a content of Sn in the first catalyst is less than 12% by mass based on the total mass of the first catalyst; and the second catalyst contains Sn and Pt, and a content of Sn in the second catalyst is 12% by mass or more based on the total mass of the second catalyst.

Embodiments of an invention disclosed herein relate to particles made from zeolite catalysts and their use in oligomerization processes. In particular, shaped particles (for example, spheroid particles) are made from compositions including the contact product of at least one zeolite catalyst and at least one binder.

Process for preparing isophoronediamine, characterized in that A) isophoronenitrile is subjected directly in one stage to aminating hydrogenation to give isophoronediamine in the presence of ammonia, hydrogen, a hydrogenation catalyst and possibly further additions, and in the presence or absence of organic solvents; or B) isophoronenitrile is first converted fully or partly in at least two or more than two stages to isophoronenitrile imine, and this isophoronenitrile imine is subjected to aminating hydrogenation to give isophoronediamine as a pure substance or in a mixture with other components and/or isophoronenitrile, in the presence of at least ammonia, hydrogen and a catalyst.