A novel solar-powered desalination and water purification system is disclosed herein. The system includes a nanofiber-impregnated graphene aerogel, an untreated water source, a water collection surface, and a purified water storage container. A novel photocatalytic nanofiber-impregnated graphene aerogel for desalination and photodegradation of contaminants for use in the disclosed system is also disclosed herein. The nanofiber-impregnated graphene aerogel exhibits excellent hydrophilicity, thermal insulation, and photodegradation capability, and allows for efficient solar-powered evaporation of water. The introduction of photocatalytic nanofibers into the graphene aerogel allows effective interfacial evaporation and in situ photodegradation of contaminants. The rate of water evaporation is preferably greater than 1.3 gal/ft.sup.2 per day, and the contaminant removal is preferably greater than 90%. A method of desalinating and purifying water using the disclosed system is also disclosed herein.

Provided is a titanium oxide composition that has a high capability to decompose odor-causing substances, is less likely to cause re-emission of an odor-causing substance(s) due to adsorption of water, and exhibits an excellent particle dispersion stability. The titanium oxide composition contains titanium oxide particles, a component A and a component B. The component A is at least one kind selected from a group of sepiolite and attapulgite, and the component B is at least one kind selected from a group of high silica zeolite and hydrophobic silica. A mass ratio of the component A to the titanium oxide particles is 0.75 to 3.25, and a mass ratio of the component B to the component A is 0.25 to 3.0. Also provided is a member having such titanium oxide composition on its surface.

A method for ambient-temperature synthesis of a catalyst for water electrolysis by dissolving an amount of an Fe.sup.2+ source and optionally an amount of a salt of another divalent cation in deionized water at ambient temperature to form a solution, placing nickel (Ni) foam into the solution, whereby the Ni foam serves as a substrate and/or a Ni source for growth of the catalyst, leaving the Ni foam in the solution at ambient temperature for a time duration in a range of from about 0.5 hour to about 4 hours to provide a treated foam, during which time duration, the catalyst is grown on the substrate, and removing the treated foam from the solution after the time duration, wherein the treated foam comprises the catalyst grown thereon.

The invention relates to a mixed oxide composed of zirconium, cerium, lanthanum and at least one rare earth oxide other than cerium and lanthanum, having a specific porosity and a high specific surface area; to the method for preparing same and to the use thereof in catalysis.

An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for forming an undercoat layer capable of forming an undercoat layer that does not easily peel off from the substrate, an undercoat layer formed by the composition, as well as an exhaust gas purification catalyst and an exhaust gas purification apparatus each including the undercoat layer, and, to achieve the object, the present invention provides a composition for forming an undercoat layer, the composition containing tin oxide microparticles and tin oxide nanoparticles, wherein a content of the tin oxide nanoparticles is 8% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, with respect to a total content of the tin oxide microparticles and the tin oxide nanoparticles, an undercoat layer formed by the composition, as well as an exhaust gas purification catalyst and an exhaust gas purification apparatus each including the undercoat layer.

The present invention relates to a selective catalytic reduction catalyst for the treatment of an exhaust gas of a diesel engine comprising: a flow-through substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end, a substrate axial length extending from the inlet end to the outlet end and a plurality of passages defined by internal walls of the flow through substrate extending therethrough; a coating disposed on the surface of the internal walls of the substrate, wherein the coating comprises a non-zeolitic oxidic material comprising manganese and one or more of the metals of the groups 4 to 11 and 13 of the periodic table, and further comprises one or more of a vanadium oxide and a zeolitic material comprising one or more of copper and iron.

A preparation method for a highly chlorine- and water-resistant catalyst is provided. A mixture of at least one of SnO.sub.2, GeO.sub.2, and MoO.sub.2 with CeO.sub.2 is used as a catalyst support, face-centered cubic ruthenium oxide is used as an active component, and the catalyst with excellent chlorine- and water-resistance is prepared through selective adsorption regulation, which can realize safe and efficient purification of chlorine-containing organic waste gas at temperatures below 250° C.

An air sanitizer unit that includes a housing, a substrate, and a light source. The substrate is provided in an interior space of the housing and includes at least one photocatalytic coating on at least one surface that extends along a flow path of airflow through the air sanitizer unit. The light source is disposed within the interior space of the housing in a way such that light produced by the light source activates the at least one photocatalytic coating to purify the airflow. Further, the substrate includes channels for allowing airflow there through, in which a substrate structure defining the channels include the photocatalytic coating and the substrate structure defining the channels is configured such that microbes in the airflow are captured on the least one photocatalytic coating at low airflow rates, in which the low airflow rates are airflow rates less than 20 air changes per hour.

Antimicrobial metallic foams useful in filters, methods of making and using the same, and antimicrobial filters, systems, and articles are described.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for the oxidation of NO, for the oxidation of ammonia, for the oxidation of HC and for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx, comprising a flow through substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end, a substrate axial length extending from the inlet end to the outlet end and a plurality of passages defined by internal walls of the flow through substrate extending therethrough; a first coating comprising one or more of a vanadium oxide and a zeolitic material comprising one or more of copper and iron; a second coating comprising a first platinum group metal component supported on a non-zeolitic first oxidic material and further comprising one or more of a vanadium oxide and a zeolitic material comprising one or more of copper and iron; optionally a third coating comprising a second platinum group metal component supported on a second oxidic material; wherein the third coating is disposed on the surface of the internal walls and under the second coating over z % of the axial length of the substrate from the outlet end to the inlet end, with z being in the range of from 0 to 100; wherein the second coating extends over y % of the axial length of the substrate from the inlet end to the outlet end and is disposed either on the surface of the internal walls, or on the surface of the internal walls and the third coating, or on the third coating, with y being in the range of from 95 to 100; wherein the first coating extends over x % of the axial length of the substrate from the inlet end to the outlet end and is disposed on the second coating, with x being in the range of from 20 to y.