A selective hydrogenation catalyst contains an active phase having a group VIB metal and a group VIII metal, and a porous support containing alumina. The group VIB metal content is between 1 and 18% by weight relative to total weight of the catalyst, and the group VIII metal content of the active phase, measured in oxide form, is between 1 and 20% by weight relative to total weight of the catalyst. The molar ratio between the group VIII metal and the group VIB metal is between 1.0 and 3.0 mol/mol. The group VIII metal is homogeneously distributed in the porous support with a distribution coefficient R of between 0.8 and 1.2, measured using a Castaing microprobe, and the group VIB metal is distributed at the periphery of the porous support with a distribution coefficient R of less than 0.8.

Improved alkylation catalysts, alkylation methods, and methods of making alkylation catalysts are described. The alkylation method comprises reaction over a solid acid, zeolite-based catalyst and can be conducted for relatively long periods at steady state conditions. The alkylation catalyst comprises a crystalline zeolite structure, a Si/Al molar ratio of 20 or less, less than 0.5 weight percent alkali metals, and further having a characteristic catalyst life property. Some catalysts may contain rare earth elements in the range of 10 to 35 wt %. One method of making a catalyst includes a calcination step following exchange of the rare earth element(s) conducted at a temperature of at least 575° C. to stabilize the resulting structure followed by an deammoniation treatment. An improved method of deammoniation uses low temperature oxidation.

The present specification relates to a carrier-nanoparticle complex, a method for preparing the same, and a catalyst comprising the same.

The presently claimed invention provides a layered three-way catalyst composition for purification of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines; said catalyst comprises a first layer comprising i) palladium supported on at least one alumina component and at least one oxygen storage component; and ii) barium oxide; wherein said first layer is essentially free of strontium, and a second layer comprising: i) rhodium supported on at least one zirconia component and/or alumina component; ii) strontium oxide and/or barium oxide; and iii) optionally, palladium supported on at least one alumina component. The presently claimed invention also provides a process for preparing the layered three-way catalyst composition which involves a technique such as incipient wetness impregnation technique(A); co-precipitation technique (B); or co-impregnation technique(C). The process includes preparing a first layer; preparing a second layer; and depositing the second layer on the first layer followed by calcination. The presently claimed invention further provides a a layered three-way catalytic article in which the three-way catalyst composition is deposited on a substrate in a layered fashion and its preparation.

Disclosed is the oxidation of uronic acids, such as galacturonic acid, to the corresponding aldaric acids, such as galactaric acid, under neutral or acidic conditions. Use is made of a supported gold catalyst. The oxidation occurs in good selectivity and yield, under unexpectedly mild conditions. A source of galacturonic acids is pectins, such as from sugar beet pulp.

The present invention refers to processes for obtaining steam reforming catalysts containing nickel, cerium, lanthanum and copper oxides, free from potassium or alkali metals, preferably with the oxide layer being located externally with a thickness of less than 0.5 mm on the support particle, preferably the support being based on alumina, magnesium aluminate, hexaaluminates or mixtures thereof. The catalysts according to present invention show high activity, resistance to thermal deactivation and resistance to coke accumulation in the steam reforming reaction of hydrocarbons.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst for purifying exhaust gas, in particular, fine composite-metal particles contained therein, and a method for producing the same; the exhaust gas purification catalyst according to the present invention includes fine composite-metal particles containing Rh and Pd, wherein, when the fine composite-metal particles in the exhaust gas purification catalyst are analyzed by STEM-EDX, the average ratio of the amount of Pd with respect to the total amount of Rh and Pd in the fine composite-metal particles is 1.7 atomic % or more and 24.8 atomic % or less.

The invention provides a method for the production of a supported nickel catalyst, in which an aqueous mixture comprising an alkali metal salt plus other metal salts is sintered to form a support material. A supported nickel catalyst comprising potassium β-alumina is also provided.

A surface coating composition may include titanium dioxide optionally combined with copper oxide to permanently bind to any surface to create a long lasting, self-cleaning, deodorizing, and antimicrobial surface, and preparation method thereof. A method of continuous flow process to create anatase TiO.sub.2 crystals with particle sizes ranging from about 0.1 nm to about 200 nm, or further ranging from about 0.1 nm to about 20 nm in size.

A photocatalyst and a method for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water by photocatalytic electrolysis are disclosed. The photocatalyst includes a photoactive material and metal or metal alloy material (15)—e.g. pure particles or alloys of Au, Pd and Ag—capable of having plasmon resonance properties deposited on the surface of the photoactive material. The photoactive material includes a p-n junction (17) formed by contact of a n-type semiconductor material (10), such as mixed phase TiO2 nano particles (anatase to rutile ratio of 1.5 to 1 or greater), and a p-type semiconductor material (16), such as CoO or Cu2O.