Novel multi-metal catalysts comprising abundant Earth metals are described herein. Devices comprising the catalysts of the invention are also described. Methods of producing the catalysts are also described herein. Methods of producing hydrogen using the catalysts of the invention are also described herein.

A base material includes a base layer. The base layer includes a structured surface. The base layer includes a transition metal and a transition metal oxide, and a sum of the transition metal and a transition metal oxide accounts for at least 90 wt. % of the base layer. The transition metal oxide is concentratedly distributed on the structured surface. The base material is flexible in at least one direction, and has a bending angle of not less than 90° when being bent.

A structure which is resistant to corrosion at high temperatures comprises a layer of ruthenium and/or ruthenium alloy and a layer of a refractory metal having a high strength at high temperatures, such as rhenium. Further, the structure may include a layer of ceramic such as zirconia or hafnia on the exposed face of the ruthenium layer. Alternative embodiments of the present invention include a catalyst formed from a low strength support structure with a first metal layer and a second ruthenium catalytic layer on top of the first metal layer. Another alternative embodiment of the present invention includes the formation of high purity ruthenium electrodes that are resistant to corrosion at high temperatures.

The present disclosure relates to catalytic static mixers comprising catalytic material. The static mixers can be configured for use with continuous flow chemical reactors, for example tubular continuous flow chemical reactors for heterogeneous catalysis reactions. This disclosure also relates to processes for preparing static mixers. This disclosure also relates to continuous flow chemical reactors comprising the static mixers, systems comprising the continuous flow chemical reactors, processes for synthesising products using the continuous flow reactors, and methods for screening catalytic materials using the static mixers.

Provided are a semiconductor material based on metal nanowires and a porous nitride, and a preparation method thereof. The semiconductor material includes: a substrate; a buffer layer formed on the substrate; and a composite material layer formed on the buffer layer the composite material layer includes: a transverse porous nitride template layer; and a plurality of metal nanowires filled in pores of the transverse porous nitride template layer.

A moisture and hydrogen adsorption getter is provided. The moisture and hydrogen adsorption getter includes a silicon substrate including a concave portion and a convex portion, a silicon oxide layer conformally provided along a surface of the concave portion and a surface of the convex portion and configured to adsorb moisture, and a hydrogen adsorption pattern disposed on the silicon oxide layer. A portion of the silicon oxide layer is exposed between portions of the hydrogen adsorption pattern.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to catalysts for electrochemical water splitting, in particular catalysts useful for oxygen evolution at an anode in electrochemical water splitting. The disclosed catalysts compositions comprise a catalyst core component, a shell component, and optionally a catalyst outer component; wherein the catalyst core component comprises a composition having the chemical formula M.sub.xP.sub.y; where M is a transition metal; wherein x is a number from about 1 to about 20; wherein y is a number from about 1 to about 20; wherein the shell component comprises a conducting polymer; and wherein the catalyst outer component is a transition metal that is not the same as the transition metal M. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

The present invention relates to a combustion additive comprising a colloidal solution containing dispersed fine metal particles. The present invention also relates to a method for producing the colloid. More particularly the present teaching relates to a combustion additive having a colloid, wherein the colloid comprises metal particles providing in an alkaline aqueous solution, the metal particles being dispersed within that solution and having an average diameter in the range of 30 nm to 30 μm. The colloid can partly/fully substitute water of a water injection system or used as an air humidification component for combustion.

Disclosed is a preparation method of a nanometer metal oxide supported carrier based on anodic oxidation, comprising: Step 1: adding electrolyte to a reaction pool, and fixing the cathode and the anode oppositely, wherein the cathode is a metal plate that is identical to the nano-metal oxide, and the anode is a carrier metal material; Step 2: stirring the electrolyte at a constant speed, wherein the revolution speed is not lower than 500 rpm; Step 3: switching power on; setting the output voltage between 10v and 50v; and subjecting the metal plate of the anode to anodic oxidation reaction, wherein metal oxide nanotubes/nano particles are generated on the surface; under the action of stirring, the metal oxide nanotubes/nano particles on the anode surface are dissolved and shed off into the electrolyte; under the action of the electric field force, the dissolved and shed-off nano fragments migrate towards the cathode and are adhered to the surface of the cathode material, thereby forming a nano-metal oxide film. The film preparation method according to the disclosure offers advantages such as mild condition, simple instrumentation, easy operation, and low cost; the prepared film has a good load effect such that the metal oxide can hardly be shed off.

A method is provided for creating a porous coating on a surface of a substrate by electrodeposition. The substrate is a part of the cathode. An anode is also provided. A coating is deposited or disposed on the surface by applying a voltage that creates a plurality of porous structures on the surface to be coated. Continuing to apply a voltage creates additional porosity and causes portions of the attached porous structures to detach. A covering layer is created by applying a voltage that creates a thin layer that covers the attached porous structures and the detached portions which binds the porous structures and detached portions together.