Filter media comprising adsorptive particles are generally described. In some embodiments, the adsorptive particles are present in a relatively large amount, in a layer discrete from one or more other layers and/or fiber webs also present in the filter media, and/or in a layer that comprises a relatively low amount of fibers. In some embodiments, the filter media further comprises a non-woven fiber web comprising fibers with relatively small diameters.

The specification relates to a process for preparation of a compound of Formula (II), the process involving the step of reacting a compound of Formula (I), in a solvent, in the presence of a solid supported acid catalyst to form the compound of Formula (II), where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and are as described herein.

##STR00001##

The specification relates to a process for preparation of a compound of Formula (II), the process involving the step of reacting a compound of Formula (I), in a solvent, in the presence of a solid supported acid catalyst to form the compound of Formula (II), where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and are as described herein.

##STR00001##

Provided is a resin composition comprising (a) a collection of resin beads, wherein the collection of resin beads has pH of 8 or above, and wherein the collection of resin beads has volume average diameter of 150 μm to 2,000 μm; and (b) a collection of inorganic particles, wherein the inorganic particles contain one or more alkaline earths, and wherein the collection of inorganic particles has volume average diameter of 0.5 μm to 50 μm. Also provided is a method of processing an aqueous composition using such a composition.

Provided is a resin composition comprising (a) a collection of resin beads, wherein the collection of resin beads has pH of 8 or above, and wherein the collection of resin beads has volume average diameter of 150 μm to 2,000 μm; and (b) a collection of inorganic particles, wherein the inorganic particles contain one or more alkaline earths, and wherein the collection of inorganic particles has volume average diameter of 0.5 μm to 50 μm. Also provided is a method of processing an aqueous composition using such a composition.

An organic solvent treatment method for removing particulates from an organic solvent used in a manufacturing step of electronic components is characterized by comprising a step of bringing the organic solvent into contact with a treatment material that has a positive or negative electric charge in water and has a moisture content of 3% by mass or more. An organic solvent treatment material, which is to be used in the manufacturing step of electronic components and which is for removing particulates from an organic solvent by coming into contact with the organic solvent used in the manufacturing step of electronic components, has a positive or negative electric charge in water.

This disclosure provides certain strong cation-modified ion exchange resins and membranes useful for carrying out the removal of metal and metal ion contaminants in fluid compositions. Filtered liquid compositions with significantly reduced amounts of metals can be used in a microelectronic manufacturing process, such as liquids for removing photoresist. The cation-modified ion exchange resins and membranes of the disclosure can be configured for use in a microelectronic manufacturing system, which can be utilized in the system as a point of use metal-removal feature for liquids entering the system. Advantageously, the filter materials and methods of this disclosure showed considerable improvement in preventing degradation and the formation of color bodies and dimeric and oligomeric materials from ketones (e.g., cyclohexanone) in the liquid compositions while not compromising the filter material's ability to remove undesired metal ions.

This disclosure provides certain strong cation-modified ion exchange resins and membranes useful for carrying out the removal of metal and metal ion contaminants in fluid compositions. Filtered liquid compositions with significantly reduced amounts of metals can be used in a microelectronic manufacturing process, such as liquids for removing photoresist. The cation-modified ion exchange resins and membranes of the disclosure can be configured for use in a microelectronic manufacturing system, which can be utilized in the system as a point of use metal-removal feature for liquids entering the system. Advantageously, the filter materials and methods of this disclosure showed considerable improvement in preventing degradation and the formation of color bodies and dimeric and oligomeric materials from ketones (e.g., cyclohexanone) in the liquid compositions while not compromising the filter material's ability to remove undesired metal ions.

The present invention relates to recovery of lithium from liquid resources to produce lithium solutions while limiting impurity precipitation in the lithium solutions.

The present invention relates to recovery of lithium from liquid resources to produce lithium solutions while limiting impurity precipitation in the lithium solutions.