The present invention provides a method and a system for the isolation and purification of nucleic acids from nucleic acid-containing material using a modified porous material containing cationic groups in a solid-liquid phase system. In some embodiments, the present invention is capable of obtaining nucleic acids with sufficient purity and quantity in a relatively simple way to enable accurate subsequent analysis or processing. In some embodiments, the liquid phase comprises an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), comprising a first phase and a second phase, and the solid phase comprises a porous material, wherein the two phases travel through the porous material. In some embodiments, the nucleic acids enter the pores of the porous material and subsequently travel through the porous material while preferentially partitioning into one of the phases.

A process for the preparation of a granulated or pelletized weak anion exchange medium from a phenol-containing organic material like peat, followed by low-temperature torrefaction of the granules to produce a high degree of physical stability of the granules at high-pH conditions, followed by chemical pretreatment of the stable granule via a hydrolysis reaction, and optionally surface treatment with acids, followed by the main chemical treatment of the hydrolyzed granule via separate aldehyde and amine reagents, or alternatively via an adduct reagent like hexamethylenetetramine is provided by this invention. The weak anion exchange medium of this invention can be used in a variety of aqueous solution treatment processes, such as wastewater treatment for removing mineral acids like H.sub.2SO.sub.4, HNO.sub.3, HCl, HBr, HF, H.sub.3PO.sub.4, HI, or formic acid from the wastewater. The resulting anion exchanger medium is particularly useful for treating wastewaters in a low-pH environment.

Ion exchange stationary phases are prepared with diprimary diamines for applications such as separating samples that contain polyvalent anions. The ion exchange stationary phase includes a series of condensation polymer reaction products bound to a substrate. The condensation polymer products are formed with diprimary diamines and polyepoxide compounds. The ion exchange stationary phases described herein are capable of separating monovalent and highly polyvalent anions relatively quickly with relatively low eluent concentrations in one chromatographic run.

Ion exchange stationary phases are prepared with diprimary diamines for applications such as separating samples that contain polyvalent anions. The ion exchange stationary phase includes a series of condensation polymer reaction products bound to a substrate. The condensation polymer products are formed with diprimary diamines and polyepoxide compounds. The ion exchange stationary phases described herein are capable of separating monovalent and highly polyvalent anions relatively quickly with relatively low eluent concentrations in one chromatographic run.

A process for synthesizing (R)-3 -hy droxybutyl (R)-3 -hy droxybutanoate from ethyl (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and (R)-1,3-butanediol, as well a process for synthesizing (R)-3-hy droxybutyl (R)-3-hy droxybutanoate from (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid and (R)-1,3-butanediol. Also provided are processes for isolating (R)-3-hy droxybutyl (R)-3-hy droxybutanoate, including from a fermentation broth.

A method is provided for manufacturing high-purity vitamin E compounds by selectively separating vitamin E compounds such as tocotrienols and tocopherols from oil raw materials such as deodorized distillate, and more specifically, a method is provided, applying to a rich fraction of vitamin E compounds, for obtaining high-purity vitamin E compounds by separating and removing only free fatty acids contained as impurities. The method comprises a process in which a solution containing vitamin E compounds and free fatty acids is placed in contact with a weakly basic anion exchanger, and the free fatty acids are preferentially adsorbed.

A method is provided for manufacturing high-purity vitamin E compounds by selectively separating vitamin E compounds such as tocotrienols and tocopherols from oil raw materials such as deodorized distillate, and more specifically, a method is provided, applying to a rich fraction of vitamin E compounds, for obtaining high-purity vitamin E compounds by separating and removing only free fatty acids contained as impurities. The method comprises a process in which a solution containing vitamin E compounds and free fatty acids is placed in contact with a weakly basic anion exchanger, and the free fatty acids are preferentially adsorbed.

To provide a method for recovering an acid of an anionic fluorinated emulsifier with a high yield from a basic ion exchange resin having a nonionic surfactant physically adsorbed thereon and having the anionic fluorinated emulsifier adsorbed thereon. A method for eluting and recovering an acid of an anionic fluorinated emulsifier from a basic ion exchange resin having a nonionic surfactant physically adsorbed thereon and having the anionic fluorinated emulsifier adsorbed thereon, which comprises a step (1) of bringing the basic ion exchange resin into contact with a water-soluble organic solvent and a step (2) of recovering the acid of the anionic fluorinated emulsifier from the basic ion exchange resin from which the ionic surfactant is eluted in the step (1).

To provide a method for recovering an acid of an anionic fluorinated emulsifier with a high yield from a basic ion exchange resin having a nonionic surfactant physically adsorbed thereon and having the anionic fluorinated emulsifier adsorbed thereon. A method for eluting and recovering an acid of an anionic fluorinated emulsifier from a basic ion exchange resin having a nonionic surfactant physically adsorbed thereon and having the anionic fluorinated emulsifier adsorbed thereon, which comprises a step (1) of bringing the basic ion exchange resin into contact with a water-soluble organic solvent and a step (2) of recovering the acid of the anionic fluorinated emulsifier from the basic ion exchange resin from which the ionic surfactant is eluted in the step (1).

The invention relates to a method of separating and recovering xylose from a xylose-containing plant-based solution. The method is performed in a chromatographic separation system, which comprises one or more weak base anion exchange resins and optionally one or more other resins selected from strong acid cation exchange resins and weak acid cation exchange resins, by passing the solution through the separation system, followed by recovering at least one fraction enriched in xylose. Optionally, a rhamnose fraction may also be recovered.