Disclosed herein is a material for use in sorbent-based dialysis, the material comprising: acidic and/or neutral cation exchange particles; alkaline anion exchange particles; and one or more of an alkali metal carbonate, a water insoluble alkaline earth metal carbonate, and a water insoluble polymeric ammonium carbonate. Also disclosed herein are uses of said material and its preparation.

A method of treating an beverage, comprising exposing a beverage to an ion exchange matrix that includes a mixture of cation exchange beads and anion exchange beads each capable of binding to one or more cationic or anionic constituents present in the beverage and thereby reduce concentrations of the one or more cationic or anionic constituents in the beverage and capable of maintaining a pH of the beverage within 0.5 pH units of the beverage's pretreatment pH value. The cationic or anionic constituents have a noxious effect on humans and the cation exchange beads include a cationic mineral form and the anion exchange beads include a chloride mineral form.

A method or process is provided for removing selenate from an ion-exchange or an adsorption media regenerant stream. The regenerant stream is processed in a nanofiltration membrane which produces a permeate and a reject stream containing the selenate. A reducing agent, such as iron, is mixed with the reject stream and this gives rise to an oxidation-reduction reaction that reduces the selenate to selenite. Thereafter, the method includes adsorbing the selenate onto an adsorbent, such as hydrous iron oxide. The adsorbent and adsorbed selenite is removed from the reject stream via a solids-liquid separation process.

An ion exchanger includes a sheet-shaped positive ion exchanger 2 in which binder particles 5 and positive ionic exchange resin particles 4 are mixed with each other, and a sheet-shaped porous negative ion exchanger 3 in which binder particles 7 and negative ionic exchange resin particles 6 are mixed with each other, the positive ion exchanger 2 and the negative ion exchanger 3 are bonded to each other to form an interface, and capacity of the negative ion exchanger 3 is greater than that of the positive ion exchanger 2. Therefore, the porous ion exchanger 1 is formed and absorbing ability of ion is increased, capacity of the negative ion exchanger 3 is made greater than that of the positive ion exchanger 2, regenerating ability of the ion exchanger with respect to absorbing ability of ion can be secured, and ion absorption and regeneration processing is carried out efficiently.

An ion exchanger includes a sheet-shaped positive ion exchanger 2 in which binder particles 5 and positive ionic exchange resin particles 4 are mixed with each other, and a sheet-shaped porous negative ion exchanger 3 in which binder particles 7 and negative ionic exchange resin particles 6 are mixed with each other, the positive ion exchanger 2 and the negative ion exchanger 3 are bonded to each other to form an interface, and capacity of the negative ion exchanger 3 is greater than that of the positive ion exchanger 2. Therefore, the porous ion exchanger 1 is formed and absorbing ability of ion is increased, capacity of the negative ion exchanger 3 is made greater than that of the positive ion exchanger 2, regenerating ability of the ion exchanger with respect to absorbing ability of ion can be secured, and ion absorption and regeneration processing is carried out efficiently.

A method of treating an beverage, comprising exposing a beverage to an ion exchange matrix that includes a mixture of cation exchange beads and anion exchange beads each capable of binding to one or more cationic or anionic constituents present in the beverage and thereby reduce concentrations of the one or more cationic or anionic constituents in the beverage and capable of maintaining a pH of the beverage within 0.5 pH units of the beverage's pretreatment pH value. The cationic or anionic constituents have a noxious effect on humans and the cation exchange beads include a cationic mineral form and the anion exchange beads include a chloride mineral form.

A process for the production of glycolaldehyde by thermolytic fragmentation of a carbohydrate feedstock including mono- and/or di-saccharide(s) and a system suitable for performing the process. The process and the system are suitable for industrial application, and the process may be performed in a continuous process. The salt-depleted carbohydrate feedstock may include one or more impurities selected from the group of arsenic, lead, sulfate, sulfur dioxide, and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural.

A process for the production of glycolaldehyde by thermolytic fragmentation of a carbohydrate feedstock including mono- and/or di-saccharide(s) and a system suitable for performing the process. The process and the system are suitable for industrial application, and the process may be performed in a continuous process. The salt-depleted carbohydrate feedstock may include one or more impurities selected from the group of arsenic, lead, sulfate, sulfur dioxide, and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural.

Methods of stabilizing virgin ion exchange resin material are provided. The methods include cleansing the virgin ion exchange resin material with a preparation comprising a non-ionic detergent. The methods include cleansing the virgin ion exchange resin material with a preparation comprising an alcohol solvent. The methods include rinsing virgin ion exchange resin material with deoxygenated water, the methods include introducing the cleansed/rinsed virgin ion exchange resin material into a gas impermeable vessel and hermetically sealing the vessel. The methods include introducing an oxygen scavenging material into the gas impermeable vessel, and hermetically sealing the vessel. A method of facilitating water treatment in a site in need thereof by providing a cleansed virgin ion exchange resin material in deoxygenated water is also disclosed.

The present invention aims at limiting the pressure loss and smoothly discharging water treated by ion exchangers to the outside of the apparatus. Ion exchanging apparatus 1 has outer vessel 3 that has inner space 2; and ion exchanger support 4 that separates at least a part of inner space 2 into upper space 2a and lower space 2b and that can support ion exchangers to be loaded in upper space 2a. At least a part of an upper surface of the ion exchanger support is made from at least one screen which supports the ion exchangers and which has a flow path allowing water treated by the ion exchangers to flow into the lower space 2b.