Water softening device includes water softening tank and neutralizing tank. Water softening tank softens raw water containing a hardness component by weakly acidic cation exchange resin. Water softening tank includes first water softening tank and second water softening tank. Neutralizing tank neutralizes the pH of softened water that has passed through water softening tank by weakly basic anion exchange resin. Neutralizing tank includes first neutralizing tank and second neutralizing tank. Water softening device is configured to cause raw water containing a hardness component to flow through first water softening tank, first neutralizing tank, second water softening tank, and second neutralizing tank in this order.

The invention relates to a system and method of use for concentrating a solution that is eluted from an ion exchange process (elution solution) during an ion exchange regeneration using the osmotic pressure of the salt saturator. This method recovers solvent from the elution solution that could be used in a future ion exchange regeneration process. The concentration of the elution solution may include the precipitation and removal of solids from the elution solution.

A system and method configured to restore ion exchange kinetic properties and purify resin is described. Degraded ion exchange kinetic properties of anion resin will eventually result in impurity slippage through resin charges. This system and method employs an acid catalyst in combination with sulfite cleaning solution to remove organic material and to protonate iron oxides for deconstruction and removal from anion resins. The cleaning solution, when applied via a cleaning vessel utilizing an eductor(s)/plenum and wedge-wire screen draw chamber, while controlling all phases of cleaning by electronic monitoring, yields complete restoration of ion exchange kinetics on usable resin. As such, the system and method provides a safe, effective, and vastly improved method for restoring anion resin kinetics and improving regeneration quality, for improved resin performance and minimizing resin replacement costs.

A process of obtaining a purified geometric isomer of an unsaturated macrocyclic compound is disclosed herein. The process is effected by contacting an ion exchange medium comprising silver ions with a mixture comprising at least one geometric isomer of the unsaturated macrocyclic compound, to thereby obtain at least one fraction comprising the purified geometric isomer of the macrocyclic compound. A system configured for performing the process is also disclosed.

A process of obtaining a purified geometric isomer of an unsaturated macrocyclic compound is disclosed herein. The process is effected by contacting an ion exchange medium comprising silver ions with a mixture comprising at least one geometric isomer of the unsaturated macrocyclic compound, to thereby obtain at least one fraction comprising the purified geometric isomer of the macrocyclic compound. A system configured for performing the process is also disclosed.

Provided is a process for treating water, wherein the water comprises dissolved ions that comprise an undesired cation, wherein the processes comprises (a) providing a collection of specified polymeric beads wherein 90% or more of the beads by volume are uniform beads; (b) then passing the water through a bed of the collection of polymeric beads to exchange the undesired ion for ions (iv), (c) then passing a regeneration solution comprising dissolved ions (v) of the same species as ions (iv) through the bed of the collection of polymeric beads to exchange ions (v) for the undesired ions.

Provided is a process for treating water, wherein the water comprises dissolved ions that comprise an undesired cation, wherein the processes comprises (a) providing a collection of specified polymeric beads wherein 90% or more of the beads by volume are uniform beads; (b) then passing the water through a bed of the collection of polymeric beads to exchange the undesired ion for ions (iv), (c) then passing a regeneration solution comprising dissolved ions (v) of the same species as ions (iv) through the bed of the collection of polymeric beads to exchange ions (v) for the undesired ions.

A water treatment system, such as a water softening system, having a water treatment tank with at least one distributor plate mounted inside to support filter media and/or ion exchange resin. The water treatment system is designed to treat hard water with a packed ion-exchange filter media and has a distributor plate design for facilitating the ion-exchange within a water softener resin bed, as well as facilitating the regeneration of the resin bed. The distributor plate presents cavities to the topside for entrapping filter media, and the cavities have narrow slits located at the base for allowing fluid to pass. A method for assembling the water treatment tank and supporting inserted distributor plate is shown. The distributor plate rest on and is supported by a domed-shaped structure that can be placed in the bottom portion of the water treatment vessel.

Silver is recovered as Ag.sup.0 nanoparticles from the spent solution obtained from the regeneration of an Ag-loaded ion exchange resin using electrolysis. The reclaimed regenerant solution is recycled and reused in a closed-loop scheme over multiple cycles. The recovered Ag.sup.0 nanoparticles are monodisperse, spherical in shape, and have a mean diameter of about 6 nm.

Silver is recovered as Ag.sup.0 nanoparticles from the spent solution obtained from the regeneration of an Ag-loaded ion exchange resin using electrolysis. The reclaimed regenerant solution is recycled and reused in a closed-loop scheme over multiple cycles. The recovered Ag.sup.0 nanoparticles are monodisperse, spherical in shape, and have a mean diameter of about 6 nm.