To improve yield of monomers. A monomer production system includes a dissolving unit that stores therein a polyester solution, a first reaction unit into which the polyester solution and a reaction solvent are introduced and that depolymerizes the polyester in the polyester solution and extracts a first depolymerized polyester containing the depolymerized polyester into the reaction solvent, a second reaction unit that further depolymerizes the first depolymerized polyester and generates a second depolymerized polyester that is the further depolymerized first depolymerized polyester, a separation unit that separates the reaction solvent in which the second depolymerized polyester is dissolved into the reaction solvent, a carboxylic acid-derived monomer, an alcohol component monomer, and residual substances that are components other than the reaction solvent, the carboxylic acid-derived monomer, and the alcohol component monomer, and contain oligomers, and inlet pipes that introduce the carboxylic acid-derived monomer and the residual substances into the dissolving unit.

A system and method combine a first reactant with a second reactant to create a reaction product. A first pump is in fluid communication with a reaction vessel and a source of the first reactant. A second pump is in fluid communication with the reaction vessel and a source of the second reactant. A gas sparger is located in the reaction vessel, and the gas sparger is in fluid communication with a gas source for providing gas to the reaction vessel. A controller is configured to execute a program stored in the controller to: (i) receive a sensor signal based on a force exerted by the reaction vessel in a direction toward the sensor, and (ii) operate the first pump and the second pump to deliver to the reaction vessel the first reactant and the second reactant thereby causing a reaction that creates the reaction product.

A method for controlling lingerature of a chemical reaction. Changes in mass of a chemical reaction are monitored and are used to calculate a lingerature of the system. The reaction can be maintained at a desired lingerature () by selective addition or removal of heat or by adjusting the surface area the reactants are exposed to during the reaction. The disclosed method is useful for reactions that occur at non-equilibrium conditions where any measured lingerature would presume steady-state conditions.

A controllable, continuous-feed system and process for the reduction or depolymerization of organic materials using microwave energy in a reducing, substantially oxygen-reduced atmosphere. The microwave energy is generated by a plurality of magnetrons in a microwave tunnel. Gaseous products may be extracted from the microwave tunnel for recycling and/or analysis. A collector such as a liquid trap may be used to separately collect floating and sinking constituents of the solid products while preventing the escape of the reducing atmosphere from the system.

The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for producing pseudoionone and hydroxy pseudoionone. It suggests an apparatus (1) comprising first and second substantially vertically oriented reactor chambers oriented such that components flow through the first and second reactor chambers in different directions, wherein the first reactor chamber (13) is configured to receive a first component feed (C1) containing a first aqueous mixture through an inlet (15), and to produce a second aqueous mixture, and wherein the apparatus (1) comprises a mixing device (17) positioned downstream of the first component feed inlet (15) and configured to add a second component feed (C2) to the first component feed (C1) when the second aqueous mixture has formed, and the second reactor chamber (23) is configured to receive the first and second component feeds unified in the mixing device (17) from the first reactor chamber (13) and to produce a third aqueous mixture from the first and second aqueous mixtures. The invention further suggests a method and a use for producing pseudoionone and hydroxy pseudoionone.

Equipment for automatic polymerization of polycondensation polymers and other polyurethane systems and method showing equipment (E) capable of mixing inputs in a controlled manner with regard to quantities, temperatures, stirring/mixing and reaction times, resulting in polymers for different purposes, including polycondensation polymers and polyurethanes, and also an operation method of said equipment (E) with regard to programming and execution of recipes.

A method for controlling lingerature of a chemical reaction. Changes in mass of a chemical reaction are monitored and are used to calculate a lingerature of the system. The reaction can be maintained at a desired lingerature () by selective addition or removal of heat or by adjusting the surface area the reactants are exposed to during the reaction. The disclosed method is useful for reactions that occur at non-equilibrium conditions where any measured lingerature would presume steady-state conditions.

A method for controlling lingerature of a chemical reaction. Changes in mass of a chemical reaction are monitored and are used to calculate a lingerature of the system. The reaction can be maintained at a desired lingerature () by selective addition or removal of heat or by adjusting the surface area the reactants are exposed to during the reaction. The disclosed method is useful for reactions that occur at non-equilibrium conditions where any measured lingerature would presume steady-state conditions.