A continuous reaction system for preparing a ferromanganese oxalate precursor may comprise a first dissolution reactor, a second dissolution reactor, a first reactor, a second reactor, a material storage tank, and an ultrasonic reactor; the first dissolution reactor may be configured to accommodate a metal salt solution required for preparing the ferromanganese oxalate precursor, and the second dissolution reactor may be configured to accommodate a precipitant solution required for preparing the ferromanganese oxalate precursor; the first reactor may include a first feed port and a first overflow port, and the first feed port of the first reactor may be interconnected to a first discharge port of the first dissolution reactor and a second discharge port of the second dissolution reactor respectively through two pipelines.

Provided is a method of synthesizing apatite powder by emitting a laser beam to a surface of a substrate immersed in a precursor solution. The method is including immersing a substrate in an apatite-forming precursor solution, emitting a laser beam to a region on a surface of the substrate immersed in the precursor solution, and obtaining apatite powder generated in the precursor solution.

Provided is a fuel-reforming device comprising: an ammonia tank (4); a reformer (5) for reforming ammonia and generating high-concentration hydrogen gas having a hydrogen content of at least 99%; a mixing tank (7) for mixing ammonia and hydrogen for temporary storage; and a control means (10) for controlling the respective supply amounts of ammonia and high-concentration hydrogen gas that are supplied to the mixing tank (7). The control means (10) calculates the combustion rate coefficient C of mixed gas with respect to a reference fuel on the basis of equation (1). Equation (1): S.sub.0=S.sub.H?C+S.sub.A?(1?C). In equation (1), S.sub.0 is the combustion rate of the reference fuel, S.sub.H is the combustion rate of hydrogen, S.sub.A is the combustion rate of ammonia, and C is the combustion rate coefficient of mixed gas. In addition, on the basis of equation (2), the control means (10) determines the volume fractions of ammonia and hydrogen that are supplied to the mixing tank. Equation (2): C=1?exp(?A?M.sub.B). In equation (2), M is the volume fraction of hydrogen in mixed gas, and A and B are constants.

In order to provide a treatment apparatus that can efficiently perform microwave irradiation, a treatment apparatus includes: a vessel made of a microwave-reflecting material, and having a first end and an irradiation opening portion, which is an emitting portion of microwaves that are emitted into the vessel; a first filter located so as to partition the vessel, and configured to separate solids that are to be separated, from the contents of the vessel; and a first reflecting member located closer to the first end than the emitting portion is and so as to partition the vessel, and configured to allow at least the contents having passed through the first filter to pass through the first reflecting member, and to reflect microwaves.

The present invention relates to a reactor and a process for photochemical degradation of ethylene that can be used with rooms for storing climacteric fruits and/or cut flowers.

Provided is a photochemical reaction device wherein two partitions formed from an optically transparent material are arranged apart from each other between a light source and a reaction liquid, and an optically transparent fluid introduction/discharge means for introducing an optically transparent fluid between the partitions and discharging the fluid and a state change detection means for detecting a change in the state of the optically transparent fluid at the discharge side of the optically transparent fluid introduction/discharge means are provided. Also provided are a photochemical reaction method that uses the photochemical reaction device and a lactam production method that uses the photochemical reaction method. The present invention prevents decreases in the performance of the light source even when the optically transparent material in the photochemical reaction device is damaged, and makes it possible to reliably prevent ignition even if the reaction liquid is a flammable liquid.

A nitric oxide generator generates nitric oxide from a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen such as air treated by a pulsating electrical discharge. The desired concentration of nitric oxide is obtained by controlling at least one of a frequency of the pulsating electrical discharge and duration of each electrical discharge pulse.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for converting waste plastics into value-added products, the method including the steps of (a) contacting the waste plastics with a catalyst to form a reaction mixture and (b) applying microwave irradiation to the reaction mixture. In another aspect, disclosed herein are value-added products including, but not limited to, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons produced by the process disclosed herein. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A hydrogen-producing device is provided which can start up without receiving an energy supply from the outside. This hydrogen-producing device 1 is provided with an input unit 11 which is connected to a hydrogen source 41, a reformer 12 which produces a hydrogen-containing gas, a hydrogen storage container 13, a fuel battery 15 which generates power using the hydrogen-containing gas, and a control unit 18. The hydrogen storage container 13 is connected to a fuel hydrogen supply path 16 for supplying hydrogen to the fuel battery 15, and to an external supply path 17 which supplies hydrogen to an external load 42. The control unit 18 stores a threshold value of the hydrogen-containing gas necessary for start-up of the fuel battery 15, and controls the amount stored in the hydrogen storage container 13 to be greater than or equal to the amount necessary for start-up of the fuel battery 15. Further, when starting up the hydrogen-producing device, the fuel battery 15 generates power by receiving a supply of the hydrogen-containing gas stored in the hydrogen storage container 13 and supplies power to the reformer 12 from a power supply path 30. The reformer 12 starts up and hydrogen is produced.

A fine particle producing apparatus includes a reaction chamber extending vertically from the lower side to the upper side; a material supply device which is connected to a central part on one end side of the vertically lower side inside the reaction chamber and supplies a material particle into the reaction chamber of a vertically upper side from a material supply port; a first electrode arrangement region which protrudes in an inward radial direction to be disposed on an inner peripheral wall in the reaction chamber which is vertically above the material supply device, and includes a plurality of lower electrodes to which AC power is applied; a second electrode arrangement region which protrudes in an inward radial direction to be disposed on an inner peripheral wall in the reaction chamber which is vertically above the first electrode arrangement region, and includes a plurality of upper electrodes to which AC power is applied; a collector which is connected to the other end side in the reaction chamber of the vertically upper side so as to collect fine particles; a power source which is capable of changing a frequency of AC power applied to at least one of the lower electrode included in the first electrode arrangement region and the upper electrode included in the second electrode arrangement region; and a controller which sets the frequency of AC power applied to the lower electrode as a frequency equal to or higher than a frequency of AC power applied to the upper electrode, in which a fine particle is generated from the material particle by generating arc discharge by the lower electrode and the upper electrode, and generating plasma in the reaction chamber.