A non-thermal plasma is generated to selectively convert a precursor to a product. More specifically, plasma forming material and a precursor material are provided to a reaction zone of a vessel. The reaction zone is exposed to microwave radiation, including exposing the plasma forming material and the precursor material to the microwave radiation. The exposure of the plasma forming material to the microwave radiation selectively converts the plasma forming material to a non-thermal plasma including formation of one or more streamers. The precursor material is mixed with the plasma forming material and the precursor material is exposed to the non-thermal plasma including exposing the precursor material to the one or more streamers. The exposure of the precursor material to the streamers and the microwave radiation selectively converts the precursor material to a product.

An apparatus for processing graphite particles is disclosed. The apparatus may comprise an electromagnetic radiation emitting device including a microwave device coupled to the reaction chamber for the creation of electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves comprising microwaves. The apparatus may also comprise an inlet attached to the reaction chamber for introducing graphite particles, and an outlet attached to the reaction chamber for allowing processed graphite particles to exit the reaction chamber. The graphite particles in the reaction chamber thermally altered by exposure to the electromagnetic radiation such that the graphite particles are heated

An apparatus for producing silicon nanoparticles using ICP includes a gas supply part in which first and second pipes for introducing a respective first and second gas into the plasma reactor therethrough are arranged alternately, the first pipes extending from an inlet of the reactor to a plasma initiation region; a plasma reaction part having an ICP coil wound therearound in which the particles are formed as the gases introduced through the respective pipes undergo a plasma reaction; and a collection part for collecting the particles. The apparatus can fully mix the gases introduced through the first gas supply pipes, thus allowing for uniform plasma reaction between the first and second gas, minimizing plasma expansion to increase plasma density within short retention time, easily controlling the size distribution by quenching and capturing nanoparticles, and improving the production yield by preventing the secondary aggregation of particles with cooling gas.

Techniques for photocatalytic hydrogen generation are provided. In one aspect, a hydrogen producing cell is provided. The hydrogen producing cell includes an anode electrode; a photocatalytic material adjacent to the anode electrode; a solid electrolyte adjacent to a side of the photocatalytic material opposite the anode electrode; and a cathode electrode adjacent to a side of the solid electrolyte opposite the photocatalytic material. A solar hydrogen producing system including at least one solar concentrating assembly having the hydrogen producing cell, and a method for producing hydrogen using the hydrogen producing cell are also provided.

A photocatalyst injection system including: a reactor primary system coolant collection section collecting a reactor primary system coolant containing a noble metal or noble metal ion from a reactor primary system; a photocatalyst addition section adding a photocatalyst to the collected reactor primary system coolant; an ultraviolet irradiation section irradiating, with ultraviolet rays, the coolant to which the photocatalyst has been added for producing, in the coolant, a noble metal-carrying photocatalyst in which the noble metal is carried on a surface of the photocatalyst; and a noble metal-carrying photocatalyst injection section injecting the coolant containing the noble metal-carrying photocatalyst into the reactor primary system.

The present invention provides an apparatus for regasifying gas hydrate pellets that includes: a cylinder; a piston coupled to an inside of the cylinder and configured to reciprocate up and down; a pellet providing part coupled to an one side of the cylinder in such a way that supply of gas hydrate pellets to the cylinder is adjusted by having one end thereof opened and closed by reciprocation of the piston; a pressure adjusting space having one end thereof coupled to a lower portion of the cylinder; a door formed in the pressure adjusting space and configured to define the pressure adjusting space; a transfer part having one end thereof coupled to the other end of the pressure adjusting space and configured to transfer the gas hydrate pellets; and a regasification part coupled to the other end of the transfer part and having heating water therein to allow regasification of the transferred gas hydrate pellets.

An alternative process and device for carrying out Fischer Tropsch (FT) syntheses is proposed, allowing the reactant entities that take part in the FT reaction to be activated and their contributions, whether by quantity or by proportion, to be adjusted. The process consists in making a particulate phase, optionally consisting of catalytic particles, flow through a reactor. While flowing through the reactor, the particulate phase is subjected at regular intervals to the action of a plasma obtained from a gas, such as hydrogen, thus enabling hydrogen activation for hydrogenation of carbon monoxide, or carbon monoxide activation in order to lengthen the carbon chains.

The present invention discloses a plasma dry reforming apparatus for producing synthetic gas, main components of which are hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by reforming methane and carbon dioxide injected in plasma, the apparatus comprising: a plasma reformer 100, 200 which produces carbon dioxide plasma by making carbon dioxide supplied therein into plasma, ignites plasma flame by supplying hydrocarbon to the produced dioxide plasma, and produces synthetic gas by supplying methane to the plasma flame.

Method and device implemented in a reactor for the plasma treatment of carried fragmented material or of pulverized elements by a support gas where the main element is an intermediate temperature plasma (PIT) generator fed by a source of electric pulses, the amplitude of whose current is limited and for which the generating frequency, the duration of the pulses and the duration of the time spans between the pulses are determined in such a way as to generate a nonthermal plasma (PIT) of large extent, the plasma and the carrier gas flux (4) laiden with the fragments of material or of pulverized elements to be treated (5) moving along helical trajectories coaxial with the axis of the reactor at controlled angles a and B respectively relative to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the reactor, the angles a and B being able to vary in a given manner according to the properties of the material to be treated and the technological parameters and the dimensions of the reactor. Use of the invention both for the combustion of combustible powders in the boilers of electric power plants and for the generation of solid or gaseous combustible products, of given properties and dimensions, effected through the organization of plasmochemical reactions on fragments or pulverized elements of organic materials in the reactor.

A liquid treatment apparatus comprises: a first tank in which a first gas containing nitrogen and oxygen and a liquid are stored; a plasma generating apparatus, including a first electrode and a second electrode, which effects discharge between the first electrode and the second electrode and thereby generates plasma that makes contact with at least part of the liquid; and a gas supply apparatus that supplies a first part of the first gas from the first tank to the plasma generating apparatus.