A composition for treating water including an organic soil amendment and having ions bound thereto is beneficial to aid in the removal of aqueous contaminants, such as phosphate, other phosphorus containing compounds, arsenic, arsenic containing compounds, fluorides, and PFAS from water. In these compositions the ions include rare earth cations, iron cations, and mixtures thereof. There are also methods for making these soil amendment compositions, as well as methods for using these compositions to effectively remove contaminants from water.

A polymer matrix based superabsorbent material is provided, which is made of a polymer including nanoparticles with a particle size in the range of 0.1-500 nanometers, one or more water-soluble monomers suitable for radical polymerization, and at least one vinyl alkoxysilane derivative agent as a crosslinker. A method of producing the polymer matrix based superabsorbent material is also provided, which includes steps of: obtaining a solution by adding a solvent to the one or more water-soluble monomers suitable for the radical polymerization, obtaining a reaction mixture by adding the at least one vinyl alkoxysilane derivative agent as the crosslinker to the solution, adding the nanoparticles with the particle size in the range of 0.1-500 nanometers to the reaction mixture, and obtaining the polymer by a polymerization process.

The present disclosure relates to a super absorbent polymer and a preparation method of the same. More specifically, it relates to a super absorbent polymer having a reduced extractable content without deterioration in absorption performance, and to a preparation method of the super absorbent polymer capable of producing the above-described super absorbent polymer by performing a polymerization reaction in the presence of a foaming agent and a carboxylic acid-based additive having a specific structure.

Methods of dewatering viscous materials are provided. The method comprises contacting the viscous material with pressurized carbon dioxide at a temperature and for a time wherein at least a fraction of water is expressed from the viscous material. Then the pressure is released, and the water expressed from the viscous material is removed to yield a dewatered product. Exemplary viscous materials that can be dewatered by the method include black liquor from wood pulping operations, wet lignin, wet super water absorbent polymers and sugar solutions. The pressurized carbon dioxide is present in subcritical or supercritical form. The method provides dewatering at reduced cost.

Provided are a superabsorbent polymer and a preparation method thereof, including preparing a base resin and conducting surface modification of the base resin in the presence of an inorganic filler. The method of preparing the superabsorbent polymer of the present invention may provide a superabsorbent polymer having improved rewetting property and liquid permeability.

A method for producing superabsorbent polymers from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) virgin or recycled from acrylic fibre manufacturing waste and discarded fabrics subjecting the PAN to alkaline hydrolysis with pressurized water vapour of up to 5 kgf/cm.sup.2 and a PAN:OH.sup.− molar ratio of 1:0.5 to 0.95, to obtain a cross-linked poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) salt without using mechanical agitation, graphitizing agents with starch or cross-linking agents, and without precipitating the superabsorbent polymer obtained from the reaction medium with solvents or through pH adjustment with acids, the polymer obtained with recycled PAN leaves the autoclave already having a moisture content of 20% to 35% and a swelling capacity of >150 g H.sub.2O/g.

Disclosed is a method for improving a water absorption amount under load by water absorbent resin particles, the method including shaking a powder containing a plurality of water absorbent resin particles contained in a container. An amount of powder corresponding to a theoretical filling rate of less than 100% may be contained in the container.

Disclosed is a method for improving a water absorption amount under load by a powder, the method including shaking a powder containing a plurality of water absorbent resin particles while applying a load to the powder. A maximum value of an acceleration received by the powder to be shaken may be 0.050 to 4.0 G.

Disclosed is a particulate water-absorbent resin composition containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a microporous inorganic material, silver, and a silver compound, and a polymer particle, in which the polymer particle contains an inorganic reducing agent.

The present disclosure relates to a preparation method of a super absorbent polymer. More specifically, it relates to a preparation method of a super absorbent polymer with improved permeability and anti-caking efficiency while having a high absorption rate by adding an additive having a specific structure to the hydrogel polymer polymerized in the presence of an encapsulated foaming agent, followed by coarse pulverization.