Hydrogenation catalysts for aromatic hydrogenation including an organosilica material support, which is a polymer comprising independent units of a monomer of Formula [Z.sup.1OZ.sup.2OSiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), wherein each Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer; and at least one catalyst metal are provided herein. Methods of making the hydrogenation catalysts and processes of using, e.g., aromatic hydrogenation, the hydrogenation catalyst are also provided herein.

A capillary column includes a fused silica tubing and a polyimide coating over the fusing silica tubing. Additionally, the capillary column further includes a first plurality of integrated ferrules positioned along at least a first portion of the fused silica tubing and spaced apart from one another by a first fixed interval.

Disclosed is a chromatographic method for separating a mixture of compounds having ionizable groups using a mobile phase comprising (a) a first mobile phase component comprising an aqueous buffer system and an organic solvent mixture miscible with water, and (b) a second mobile phase component comprising an aqueous buffer system and an organic solvent mixture miscible with water, wherein the buffer system and the solvent mixture in the first mobile phase component are different from the buffer system and the solvent mixture in the second mobile phase component and the ratio of the first mobile phase component to the second mobile phase component is varied during the separation. The method can be used for the separation of vancomycin and its degradation products.

The subject invention concerns metal or metalloid oxide-based sol-gel hybrid sorbent and methods of synthesis. In one embodiment, the sorbent is a ZrO.sub.2 polypropylene oxide based sol-gel. The subject invention also concerns a hollow tube or capillary internally coated with a sorbent of the invention. Sorbent coated tubes and capillaries of the invention can be used in extraction and/or enrichment of samples to be analyzed for catecholamines and related compounds.

A capillary column includes a fused silica tubing, a polyimide coating over the fusing silica tubing, and a first plurality of integrated ferrules positioned along at least a first portion of the fused silica tubing and spaced apart from one another by a first fixed interval. Each of the first plurality of integrated ferrules includes a first deformable surface and a second deformable surface. The first plurality of integrated ferrules are secured to the column through deformation of the first deformable surface and the second deformable surface is configured to form a seal with a junction when secured with a nut.

Methods for fabricating a membrane with an organosilica material which is a polymer comprising independent units of Formula [Z.sup.3Z.sup.4SiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), wherein each Z.sup.3 represents a hydroxyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy group or an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another unit or an active site on the support and each Z.sup.4 represents a hydroxyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group, an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another unit or an active site on the support are provided. Methods of removing a contaminant from a hydrocarbon stream are also provided.

Organosilica materials, which are a polymer of at least one independent monomer of Formula [Z.sup.1OZ.sup.2OSiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), wherein each Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer and at least one other trivalent metal oxide monomer are provided herein. Methods of preparing and processes of using the organosilica materials, e.g., for catalysis etc., are also provided herein.

A porous chiral material of formula [M(L).sub.1.5(A)].sup.+X.sup. wherein M is a metal ion; L is a nitrogen-containing bidentate ligand; A is the anion of mandelic acid or a related acid; and X.sup. is an anion

The present disclosure pertains to core-shell particles that are superficially porous, polymer-based, and include organic-inorganic materials. In various embodiments, a non-porous polymer core is surface modified. In various embodiments, a non-porous hybrid organic-inorganic material is in contact with the modified surface of the core, and a porous hybrid organic-inorganic material is in contact with the non-porous hybrid organic-inorganic material. The present disclosure pertains to chromatographic separation devices that comprise such core-shell particles.

A method for characterizing a brake fluid, the method comprising contacting a solvent with the brake fluid to provide a sample; introducing the sample into a first capillary column coated with a first stationary phase and allowing the sample to flow through the first capillary column to produce an effluent stream; and passing the effluent stream through a detector to identify one or more hydrocarbon components and optionally a detectable borate component, wherein the first capillary column is at a temperature effective for a borate ester in the sample, if any, to react with a portion of the solvent to form the detectable borate component.