A cracking catalyst contains a substantially inert core and an active shell, the active shell containing a zeolite catalyst and a matrix. Methods of making and using the cracking catalyst are also described.

A method of reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine by selective catalytic reduction (SCR) comprises contacting the exhaust gas also containing ammonia and oxygen with a catalytic converter comprising a catalyst (2) comprising at least one crystalline small-pore molecular sieve catalytically active component (Z.sub.M,I) having a maximum ring opening of eight tetrahedral basic building blocks, which crystalline small-pore molecular sieve catalytically active component (Z.sub.M,I) comprising mesopores.

To be able to produce an SCR catalyst (2), in particular one having a zeolite fraction (Z) as catalytically active fraction, in a reliable process and at the same time achieve good catalytic activity of the catalyst (2), an inorganic binder fraction (B) which is catalytically inactive in the starting state and has been treated to develop catalytic activity is mixed into a catalyst composition (4). The inorganic binder component for the binder fraction (B) is, in the starting state, preferably porous particles (10), in particular diatomaceous earth, which display mesoporosity. To effect catalytic activation, the individual particles (10) are either coated with a catalytically active layer (12) or transformed into a catalytically active zeolite (14) with maintenance of the mesoporosity.

The present disclosure relates to a process for preparing a catalyst. The process comprises coating zeolite gel over the alumina support to obtain a chloride free zeolite gel coated alumina support, crystallizing the chloride free zeolite gel coated alumina support, washing, drying and calcining the crystallized zeolite coated alumina support to obtain a calcined crystallized chloride free zeolite coated alumina support, treating the calcined crystallized chloride free zeolite coated alumina support with ammonium nitrate to obtain sodium free support, washing, drying, and calcining the support to obtain a calcined chloride free zeolite coated alumina support, immersing the calcined chloride free zeolite coated alumina support in an active metal and a promoter metal solution mixture followed by stirring to obtain a metal coated chloride free zeolite coated alumina support, and drying and calcining the metal coated chloride free zeolite coated alumina support to obtain the catalyst.

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst for a naphtha reforming process. The catalyst comprises a chloride free zeolite coated alumina support impregnated with 0.01 wt % to 0.5 wt % active metal and 0.01 wt % to 0.5 wt % promoter metal, characterized in that the thickness of the zeolite coating on the alumina support ranges from 100 m to 200 m.

The present disclosure relates to a naphtha reforming process for obtaining reformed naphtha comprising contacting naphtha with a catalyst, the catalyst comprising a chloride free zeolite coated alumina support impregnated with 0.01 wt % to 0.5 wt % active metal and 0.01 wt % to 0.5 wt % promoter metal, wherein the thickness of the zeolite coating on the alumina support ranges from 100 m to 200 m, which results in formation of reformed products of naphtha and ethylbenzene formed in-situ.

A zeolite-containing fixed bed catalyst is formed by pre-shaping a mixture of a reactive aluminum-containing component and a matrix component into pre-shaped particles, and contacting the pre-shaped particles with a reactive liquid containing a silicate for a sufficient time and temperature to form an in-situ zeolite within the pre-shaped particles. The contacting of the pre-shaped particles and the liquid is achieved such that there is relative movement between the pre-shaped particles and the liquid.

A diesel oxidation catalyst for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions, such as the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) and the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is described. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a washcoat composition comprising high silica to alumina zeolite and platinum and palladium such that the zeolite minimizes negative interactions of these platinum group metals with the zeolite.

The dehydration membrane reactor for methanol production from CO.sub.2 hydrogenation includes one or more porous supports, a dehydration membrane on the one or more porous supports, and a catalyst layer on the dehydration membrane. The one or more porous supports include hollow ceramic fibers and the dehydration membrane includes NaA zeolite. The reactor is made by dip-coating the porous supports in a zeolite crystal seed solution and drying the coated porous support. The coated porous support is dried at about 80 C. and then heated to a temperature above about 200 C. The NaA zeolite membrane is then grown on the seeded support, and a catalyst layer is applied to the zeolite membrane. A feedstream including carbon dioxide and hydrogen is fed to the catalyst layer, where a product stream including methanol and water is evolved. The water is then removed from the product stream through the dehydration membrane to produce a high-purity methanol product.