The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a catalyst for selective catalytic reduction comprising (i) preparing a mixture comprising a metal-organic framework material comprising an ion of a metal or metalloid selected from groups 2-5, groups 7-9, and groups 11-14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and at least one at least monodentate organic compound, a zeolitic material containing a metal as a non-framework element, optionally a solvent system, and optionally a pasting agent, (ii) calcining of the mixture obtained in (i); and further relates to a catalyst per se comprising a composite material containing an amorphous mesoporous metal and/or metalloid oxide and a zeolitic material, wherein the zeolitic material contains a metal as non-framework element, as well as to the use of said catalyst.

Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

In order to provide g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 capable of being simply and easily handled, a g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 film is produced by heating, as a starting material, a compound represented by X.sup.+.sub.mY.sup.m, wherein X.sup.+ is a guanidium ion or the like ion, and Y.sup.m is an anion, to vaporize the compound or its reactant, and depositing the compound or the reactant over a surface of a base material heated, the surface carrying negative electric charges or having electrons, so that the compound or the reactant is polymerized on the base material to generate g-C.sub.3N.sub.4.

A process for catalyzed reaction of CO and H.sub.2 into methanol includes the step of reacting the CO and H.sub.2 with a catalyst comprising a transition metal and at least one Lewis basic ligand together with at least one nucleophilic promoter so as to produce the methanol as a product.

The invention provides a method of treating waste comprising the steps of: providing an electrochemical cell comprising a cathode, and an anode; supplying a waste stream comprising an organic compound which is a liquid or dissolved in a solvent and contacting the anode and cathode with the waste stream; electrochemically oxidising the organic compound at the anode; supplying oxygen to the cathode; electrochemically reducing the oxygen at the cathode; wherein the cathode comprises a poison resistant oxygen reduction catalyst.

A novel compound chlorosilylarylgermane, a method for preparing the compound, and the use of the compound are described. A method for preparing trichlorosilyltrichlorogermane and the use of trichlorosilyltrichlorogermane are also described.

The subject of the invention is a process for the hydrogenation of hydrogen carbonate in an aqueous reaction system, where the process ensures that the hydrogen carbonate, hydrogen and catalyst come into contact with each other while carbon dioxide is present in the gas space. In this phase of the process, formate is produced. The subject of the invention is also a process for the catalytic decomposition of formate in an aqueous reaction system and the hydrogenation of hydrogen carbonate produced in the same reaction system according to the invention, where the reactants and the reaction products are formed in a reversible reaction cycle using the reaction system according to the invention, and this reaction cycle is repeated in the required number of times. In the mentioned formate mg decomposition process, the formate and the catalyst come into contact, so that hydrogen gas and hydrogen carbonate free of COX by-products are produced as the product of the reaction. Further subject of the invention is a hydrogen storage system based on the method according to the invention, preferably a hydrogen accumulator. Further subject of the invention is a hydrogen storage system according to the invention, preferably the use of a hydrogen accumulator for the storage of hydrogen required for the operation of a fuel cell (or other equipment requiring H2) and, where appropriate, for its release in as needed.

A process for preparing a catalyst material, includes the steps of: (a) providing a support material having surface hydroxyl (OH) groups, wherein the support material is ceria (CeO.sub.2), zirconia (ZrO.sub.2) or a combination of thereof; (b) reacting the support material having surface hydroxyl (OH) groups of step (a) with a precursor containing two transition metal atoms, each chosen independently from the group consisting of: W, Mo, Cr, Ta, Nb, V, Mn; (c) calcining the product obtained in step (b) in order to provide a catalyst material showing dual site surface species containing pairs of transition metal atoms derived from the precursor that are present in oxide form on the support material. Additionally, a catalyst material is obtained by the process set out above, and the catalyst material is used as an ammonia selective catalytic reduction (NH.sub.3-SCR) catalyst for nitrogen oxides (NOx) reduction.

Catalysts prepared from abundant, cost effective metals, such as cobalt, nickel, chromium, manganese, iron, and copper, and containing one or more neutrally charged ligands (e.g., monodentate, bidentate, and/or polydentate ligands) and methods of making and using thereof are described herein. Exemplary ligands include, but are not limited to, phosphine ligands, nitrogen-based ligands, sulfur-based ligands, and/or arsenic-based ligands. In some embodiments, the catalyst is a cobalt-based catalyst or a nickel-based catalyst. The catalysts described herein are stable and active at neutral pH and in a wide range of buffers that are both weak and strong proton acceptors. While its activity is slightly lower than state of the art cobalt-based water oxidation catalysts under some conditions, it is capable of sustaining electrolysis at high applied potentials without a significant degradation in catalytic current. This enhanced robustness gives it an advantage in industrial and large-scale water electrolysis schemes.

An electrochemical device comprises an anode and a cathode. An electrocatalyst mixture is placed between said anode and cathode. The electrocatalyst mixture comprises at least one Catalytically Active Element and, separately, at least one Helper Catalyst comprising an organic molecule, an organic ion, or a mixture of organic molecules and organic ions. The electrocatalyst mixture electrochemically converts carbon dioxide to one or more carbonaceous reaction products via the reaction: CO.sub.2+2e.sup.+2H.sup.+.fwdarw.carbonaceous reaction products, at overpotentials of 0.9 V or less.