A catalyst for converting a synthesis gas, said catalyst comprising a first catalyst component and a second catalyst component, wherein the first catalyst component comprises, supported on a first porous oxidic substrate, Rh, Mn, an alkali metal M and Fe, and wherein the second catalyst component comprises, supported on a second porous oxidic support material, Cu and a transition metal other than Cu.

Aspects of the invention relate to enhanced oxygen transfer agent systems and methods of use thereof. According to one aspect, a method for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feed includes the step of contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes with an oxygen transfer agent at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. The oxygen transfer agent comprising an oxygen-donating chalcogen agent comprised of at least one of S, Se, or Te and a reducible metal oxide. The chalcogen having an oxidation state greater than +2. According to another aspect, a method for producing one or more olefins by partial combustion of a hydrocarbon feed includes partially combusting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes by contacting the hydrocarbon feed with an oxygen transfer agent comprising CaS0.sub.4 at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. to produce one or more olefins comprising ethylene and coproducing water.

Aspects of the invention relate to enhanced oxygen transfer agent systems and methods of use thereof. According to one aspect, a method for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feed includes the step of contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes with an oxygen transfer agent at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. The oxygen transfer agent comprising an oxygen-donating chalcogen agent comprised of at least one of S, Se, or Te and a reducible metal oxide. The chalcogen having an oxidation state greater than +2. According to another aspect, a method for producing one or more olefins by partial combustion of a hydrocarbon feed includes partially combusting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes by contacting the hydrocarbon feed with an oxygen transfer agent comprising CaS0.sub.4 at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. to produce one or more olefins comprising ethylene and coproducing water.

A catalyst composition and its use as a dehydrogenation catalyst to increase normal olefin selectivity and reduce undesirable aromatic selectivity. The reduction in aromatic production allows for the elimination of a unit to remove aromatic compounds. The catalyst has a layered composition comprising an inner core, an outer layer bonded to the inner core, the outer layer comprising one or more transition alumina with at least two diffraction angle peaks between 32.0 and 70.0 2, wherein a first diffraction angle peak in that range is at 32.70.4 2, a second diffraction angle peak is at 50.80.4 2, and having a thickness of less than about 100 microns and having uniformly dispersed thereon said platinum catalyst and at least one promoter metal and having a concentration of the platinum catalyst of from about 0.00006 to 0.0005 gram of the platinum group metal on an elemental basis per meter square surface area of the outer layer.

A catalyst composition and its use as a dehydrogenation catalyst to increase normal olefin selectivity and reduce undesirable aromatic selectivity. The reduction in aromatic production allows for the elimination of a unit to remove aromatic compounds. The catalyst has a layered composition comprising an inner core, an outer layer bonded to the inner core, the outer layer comprising one or more transition alumina with at least two diffraction angle peaks between 32.0 and 70.0 2, wherein a first diffraction angle peak in that range is at 32.70.4 2, a second diffraction angle peak is at 50.80.4 2, and having a thickness of less than about 100 microns and having uniformly dispersed thereon said platinum catalyst and at least one promoter metal and having a concentration of the platinum catalyst of from about 0.00006 to 0.0005 gram of the platinum group metal on an elemental basis per meter square surface area of the outer layer.

The present invention relates to a dehydrogenation catalyst in which a platinum-group metal, an assistant metal, and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal component are supported on a carrier, wherein the molar ratio of platinum to the assistant metal is 0.5 to 1.49, and the catalyst has an acidity amount of 20 to 150 mol KOH/g catalyst when it is titrated with KOH. The dehydrogenation catalyst according to the present invention may prevent coke formation from increasing rapidly when the hydrogen/hydrocarbon ratio in a dehydrogenation reaction is reduced, thereby increasing the productivity of the process. Accordingly, it makes it possible to operate the process under a condition in which the hydrogen/hydrocarbon ratio in a dehydrogenation reaction is reduced, thereby improving the economy of the process.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a process for dehydrogenating a first dehydrogenation reactant into its unsaturated counterparts. The disclosed process comprises introducing a dehydrogenation reactant to a metal oxide catalyst having dehydrogenation activity, and dehydrogenating the dehydrogenation reactant to provide its unsaturated counterpart and hydrogen; selectively combusting the hydrogen released during dehydrogenation using a lattice oxygen from the metal oxide catalyst, resulting in a reduced metal oxide catalyst and steam; re-oxidizing the reduced metal oxide catalyst by introducing a gaseous oxidant to the reduced metal oxide catalyst; and optionally re-using the re-oxidized metal oxide catalyst for catalytic conversion and combustion. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a process for dehydrogenating a first dehydrogenation reactant into its unsaturated counterparts. The disclosed process comprises introducing a dehydrogenation reactant to a metal oxide catalyst having dehydrogenation activity, and dehydrogenating the dehydrogenation reactant to provide its unsaturated counterpart and hydrogen; selectively combusting the hydrogen released during dehydrogenation using a lattice oxygen from the metal oxide catalyst, resulting in a reduced metal oxide catalyst and steam; re-oxidizing the reduced metal oxide catalyst by introducing a gaseous oxidant to the reduced metal oxide catalyst; and optionally re-using the re-oxidized metal oxide catalyst for catalytic conversion and combustion. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

An oxygen transfer agent comprising a metal-boron oxide is provided. The average oxidation state of the metal in the metal-boron oxide is about 3+, and has 10% or less of a stoichiometric excess in moles of Mn with respect to the boron. The oxygen transfer agent may further comprise a magnesia-phosphate cement. The oxygen transfer agent is capable of oxidatively dehydrogenating a hydrocarbon feed at reaction conditions to produce a dehydrogenated hydrocarbon product and water. The oxidative dehydrogenation can take place under reaction conditions of less than 1000 ppm weight molecular oxygen, or in the presence of more than 1000 ppm weight of molecular oxygen. Also provided are methods of using the oxygen transfer agents, and an apparatus for effecting the oxidative dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon feed.

An oxygen transfer agent comprising a metal-boron oxide is provided. The average oxidation state of the metal in the metal-boron oxide is about 3+, and has 10% or less of a stoichiometric excess in moles of Mn with respect to the boron. The oxygen transfer agent may further comprise a magnesia-phosphate cement. The oxygen transfer agent is capable of oxidatively dehydrogenating a hydrocarbon feed at reaction conditions to produce a dehydrogenated hydrocarbon product and water. The oxidative dehydrogenation can take place under reaction conditions of less than 1000 ppm weight molecular oxygen, or in the presence of more than 1000 ppm weight of molecular oxygen. Also provided are methods of using the oxygen transfer agents, and an apparatus for effecting the oxidative dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon feed.