The invention relates to the preparation of a catalyst containing: a mainly aluminium oxide calcined support; a hydro-dehydrogenating active phase containing at least one metal of group VIB, the process including: a) a first precipitation step of at least one basic precursor and at least one acidic precursor, b) a heating step, c) a second precipitation step by addition to the suspension of at least one basic precursor and at least one acidic precursor, d) a filtration step; e) a drying step, f) a moulding step, g) a heat treatment step; h) an impregnation step of the hydro-dehydrogenating active phase on the support obtained in the step g).

Process of preparing hydroconversion catalyst comprising: a calcined, predominantly alumina, oxide support; a hydrogenating-dehydrogenating active phase comprising group VIB metal, optionally group VIII metal, optionally phosphorus, the catalyst having: specific surface area 100 m.sup.2/g, total pore volume 0.75 ml/g, median mesopore diameter by volume 18 nm, mesopore volume 0.65 ml/g, macropore volume 15-40% of total pore volume;
comprising: a) dissolving acidic aluminium precursor; b) adjusting pH with basic precursor; c) co-precipitating acidic and basic precursors, at least one containing aluminium, to form suspension of alumina gel with a targeted alumina concentration; d) filtration; e) drying to a powder; f) forming; g) thermal treatment to an alumina oxide support; h) impregnating of the hydrogenating-dehydrogenating active phase on the alumina oxide support. Catalyst prepared by this process and use of this catalyst for hydrotreating or hydroconverting heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks.

Process of preparing hydroconversion catalyst comprising: a calcined, predominantly alumina, oxide support; a hydrogenating-dehydrogenating active phase comprising group VIB metal, optionally group VIII metal, optionally phosphorus, the catalyst having: specific surface area 100 m.sup.2/g, total pore volume 0.75 ml/g, median mesopore diameter by volume 18 nm, mesopore volume 0.65 ml/g, macropore volume 15-40% of total pore volume;
comprising: a) dissolving acidic aluminium precursor; b) adjusting pH with basic precursor; c) co-precipitating acidic and basic precursors, at least one containing aluminium, to form suspension of alumina gel with a targeted alumina concentration; d) filtration; e) drying to a powder; f) forming; g) thermal treatment to an alumina oxide support; h) impregnating of the hydrogenating-dehydrogenating active phase on the alumina oxide support. Catalyst prepared by this process and use of this catalyst for hydrotreating or hydroconverting heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks.

The present disclosures and inventions relate to composite catalyst compositions for the catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons such as propane with an oxygen containing stream, in the presence of a composite catalyst comprising CA that comprises at least components a metal M, a support S, and an optional alkali metal A, and also CB that comprises one or more mixed metal oxide phases comprising metals in the relative molar ratios indicated by the formula Mo.sub.aV.sub.bGa.sub.cPd.sub.dNb.sub.eX.sub.f, to produce ,-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid and/or olefins such as propylene.

The present disclosures and inventions relate to composite catalyst compositions for the catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons such as propane with an oxygen containing stream, in the presence of a composite catalyst comprising CA that comprises at least components a metal M, a support S, and an optional alkali metal A, and also CB that comprises one or more mixed metal oxide phases comprising metals in the relative molar ratios indicated by the formula Mo.sub.aV.sub.bGa.sub.cPd.sub.dNb.sub.eX.sub.f, to produce ,-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid and/or olefins such as propylene.

A catalytic composition useful for the conversion of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene or mixtures thereof, to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof. The catalytic composition comprises a complex of metal oxides comprising bismuth, molybdenum, iron, cerium, and at least one of samarium, praseodymium and neodymium.

A catalytic composition useful for the conversion of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene or mixtures thereof, to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof. The catalytic composition comprises a complex of metal oxides comprising bismuth, molybdenum, iron, cerium, and at least one of samarium, praseodymium and neodymium.

The subject matter of the present invention is a process for direct synthesis of (meth)acrolein from a reactive mixture comprising at least one compound chosen from ethers, acetals or hemiacetals derived from linear alcohols comprising from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Examples of compounds are dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, dimethoxymethane, diethoxymethane, dipropoxymethane, 1,1-dimethoxyethane or 1,1-diethoxyethane. The process of the invention comprises two successive phases: oxidation then aldol condensation, which can be carried out in the presence of a solid oxidation catalyst chosen from molybdenum-based catalysts and optionally of an aldol condensation catalyst. These two phases are carried out in a reaction system comprising a single reactor or optionally two reactors in cascade.

The subject matter of the present invention is a process for direct synthesis of (meth)acrolein from a reactive mixture comprising at least one compound chosen from ethers, acetals or hemiacetals derived from linear alcohols comprising from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Examples of compounds are dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, dimethoxymethane, diethoxymethane, dipropoxymethane, 1,1-dimethoxyethane or 1,1-diethoxyethane. The process of the invention comprises two successive phases: oxidation then aldol condensation, which can be carried out in the presence of a solid oxidation catalyst chosen from molybdenum-based catalysts and optionally of an aldol condensation catalyst. These two phases are carried out in a reaction system comprising a single reactor or optionally two reactors in cascade.

In the operation of an oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) process, it is desirable to remove oxygen in the product stream for a number of reasons, including to reduce oxidation of the product. This may be achieved by having several pre-reactors upstream of the main reactor having a catalyst system containing labile oxygen. The feed passes through one or more reactors saturated with labile oxygen. When the labile oxygen is consumed through a valve system, the pre-reactor accepts product from the main reactor and complexes reactive oxygen in the product stream until the catalyst system is saturated with labile oxygen. Then the reactor becomes a pre-reactor and another pre-reactor becomes a scavenger.