The present invention provides a method for producing an oxide catalyst containing antimony, comprising a step (A) of obtaining the oxide catalyst using antimony particles containing a diantimony trioxide as a source of the antimony, wherein an abundance of a pentavalent antimony in a surface layer of the antimony particle to be measured in XPS analysis is less than 70 atom %, and the antimony particle has an average particle size of 1.2 μm or less.

The present invention provides a method for producing an oxide catalyst containing antimony, comprising a step (A) of obtaining the oxide catalyst using antimony particles containing a diantimony trioxide as a source of the antimony, wherein an abundance of a pentavalent antimony in a surface layer of the antimony particle to be measured in XPS analysis is less than 70 atom %, and the antimony particle has an average particle size of 1.2 μm or less.

A catalyst composition includes a metal catalyst dispersed in a molten eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides. A process for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons includes contacting in a reactor system a carbon-containing feedstock with at least one catalyst in the presence of oxygen to generate olefinic and/or aromatic compounds; and collecting the olefinic and/or aromatic compounds; wherein: the at least one catalyst includes a metal catalyst dispersed in a molten eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides. A process for preparing the catalyst includes mixing metal catalyst precursors selected from transition metal compounds and rare-earth metal compounds and a eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides and heating it. A use of the catalyst in the catalytic cracking process of hydrocarbons.

A catalyst composition includes a metal catalyst dispersed in a molten eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides. A process for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons includes contacting in a reactor system a carbon-containing feedstock with at least one catalyst in the presence of oxygen to generate olefinic and/or aromatic compounds; and collecting the olefinic and/or aromatic compounds; wherein: the at least one catalyst includes a metal catalyst dispersed in a molten eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides. A process for preparing the catalyst includes mixing metal catalyst precursors selected from transition metal compounds and rare-earth metal compounds and a eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides and heating it. A use of the catalyst in the catalytic cracking process of hydrocarbons.

A method for preparing an active catalyst for high-efficiency denitration is disclosed. The method includes: a catalyst raw material is charged into a denitration reactor, NH.sub.3 and an inert gas are introduced and then heating is performed, and the temperature is held and then natural cooling is performed, thereby obtaining the catalyst. The active catalyst can greatly improve the denitration activity in low temperature range, and can not only improve the denitration efficiency under the condition without SO.sub.2 and H.sub.2O, but also can improve the denitration efficiency under the condition with both SO.sub.2 and H.sub.2O. The service life of the catalyst is prolonged under the premise of not changing the existing catalyst preparation process, and the economic benefit is significant. The denitration efficiency of a powder catalyst can be increased by 25%, and the denitration efficiency of a honeycombed catalyst or a corrugated catalyst can be increased by 20%.

A method for preparing an active catalyst for high-efficiency denitration is disclosed. The method includes: a catalyst raw material is charged into a denitration reactor, NH.sub.3 and an inert gas are introduced and then heating is performed, and the temperature is held and then natural cooling is performed, thereby obtaining the catalyst. The active catalyst can greatly improve the denitration activity in low temperature range, and can not only improve the denitration efficiency under the condition without SO.sub.2 and H.sub.2O, but also can improve the denitration efficiency under the condition with both SO.sub.2 and H.sub.2O. The service life of the catalyst is prolonged under the premise of not changing the existing catalyst preparation process, and the economic benefit is significant. The denitration efficiency of a powder catalyst can be increased by 25%, and the denitration efficiency of a honeycombed catalyst or a corrugated catalyst can be increased by 20%.

The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane comprises contacting a mixture of ethane and oxygen in an ODH reactor with an ODH catalyst under conditions that promote oxidation of ethane into ethylene. Conditions within the reactor are controlled by the operator and include, but are not limited to, parameters such as 5 temperature, pressure, and flow rate. Conditions will vary and can be optimized for a specific catalyst, or whether an inert diluent is used in the mixing of the reactants. Disclosed herein is a catalyst consisting of: Mo.sub.0-1W.sub.0.3-1V.sub.0.2-0.4Te.sub.0.06-0.10Fe.sub.0.0-0.10Nb.sub.0.08-0.18O.sub.X where X is determined by the valance of the metals.

The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane comprises contacting a mixture of ethane and oxygen in an ODH reactor with an ODH catalyst under conditions that promote oxidation of ethane into ethylene. Conditions within the reactor are controlled by the operator and include, but are not limited to, parameters such as 5 temperature, pressure, and flow rate. Conditions will vary and can be optimized for a specific catalyst, or whether an inert diluent is used in the mixing of the reactants. Disclosed herein is a catalyst consisting of: Mo.sub.0-1W.sub.0.3-1V.sub.0.2-0.4Te.sub.0.06-0.10Fe.sub.0.0-0.10Nb.sub.0.08-0.18O.sub.X where X is determined by the valance of the metals.

A method of producing 1,3-butadiene including feeding oxygen and a feedstock gas containing n-butene into a reactor from the lower section of the reactor provided with a metal atom-containing catalyst, so that a product gas containing 1,3-butadiene is obtained through oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene; cooling the product gas containing the 1,3-butadiene; and separating the 1,3-butadiene from the cooled product gas through selective absorption into an absorption solvent.

A method of producing 1,3-butadiene including feeding oxygen and a feedstock gas containing n-butene into a reactor from the lower section of the reactor provided with a metal atom-containing catalyst, so that a product gas containing 1,3-butadiene is obtained through oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene; cooling the product gas containing the 1,3-butadiene; and separating the 1,3-butadiene from the cooled product gas through selective absorption into an absorption solvent.