Articles comprising a catalyst film comprising VOx, MoO.sub.3 or WO.sub.3, and TiO.sub.2 deposited on a substrate are disclosed. The articles are useful for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx in exhaust gases. Methods for producing such articles deposit a catalyst film on the substrate to form a coated substrate, which is then calcined. When used in an SCR process, the coated articles have enhanced activity for NOx conversion, reduced activity for SOx conversion, or both. Light-weight, coated articles having high catalyst loads can be fabricated at the same or reduced dimensions when compared with laminated articles, and increased kNOx/kSOx ratios are available even from coated articles having relatively thin catalyst films. The articles should have particular value for power plant operations, where coal and high-sulfur fuels are commonly used and controlling sulfur trioxide generation is critical.

Methods, compositions, and articles of manufacture for alkane activation with single- or bi-metallic catalysts on crystalline mixed oxide supports.

Methods, compositions, and articles of manufacture for alkane activation with single- or bi-metallic catalysts on crystalline mixed oxide supports.

A preparation method for a molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite integral extrusion type denitration catalyst includes constructing an organic structure coating on the surface of a metal ion-exchanged molecular sieves and synchronously adding multiple oxide components, thus obtaining an ion-exchanged molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite denitration catalyst active component; and then mixing, kneading into paste, staling, carrying out integral extrusion forming, drying, and calcining, thus obtaining the integral extrusion type denitration catalyst. The molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite integral extraction type denitration catalyst has a denitration efficiency more than 80% at the temperature ranging from 250 C. to 420 C. in the presence of 10% steam and 500 ppm sulfuric dioxide.

A preparation method for a molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite integral extrusion type denitration catalyst includes constructing an organic structure coating on the surface of a metal ion-exchanged molecular sieves and synchronously adding multiple oxide components, thus obtaining an ion-exchanged molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite denitration catalyst active component; and then mixing, kneading into paste, staling, carrying out integral extrusion forming, drying, and calcining, thus obtaining the integral extrusion type denitration catalyst. The molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite integral extraction type denitration catalyst has a denitration efficiency more than 80% at the temperature ranging from 250 C. to 420 C. in the presence of 10% steam and 500 ppm sulfuric dioxide.

A catalyst for producing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the cumulative pore volume (A) of pores having a pore diameter of 1 m or more and 100 m or less, in the catalyst, is 0.12 ml/g or more and 0.19 ml/g or less, and the ratio (A/B) of the cumulative pore volume (A) to the cumulative pore volume (B) of pores having a pore diameter of 1 m or more and 100 m or less, in a pulverized product not passing through a Tyler 6 mesh, in a pulverized product obtained by pulverization of the catalyst under a particular condition is 0.30 or more and 0.87 or less.

A catalyst for producing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the cumulative pore volume (A) of pores having a pore diameter of 1 m or more and 100 m or less, in the catalyst, is 0.12 ml/g or more and 0.19 ml/g or less, and the ratio (A/B) of the cumulative pore volume (A) to the cumulative pore volume (B) of pores having a pore diameter of 1 m or more and 100 m or less, in a pulverized product not passing through a Tyler 6 mesh, in a pulverized product obtained by pulverization of the catalyst under a particular condition is 0.30 or more and 0.87 or less.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB0% and AlMoCoB2%, and AlMoCoB5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB0% and AlMoCoB2%, and AlMoCoB5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

The preparation of an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst comprising Mo, V, Nb and Te using a hydrothermal step the activity and reproducibility of the catalyst is improved by conduction the hydrothermal step at higher pressures while permitting gaseous products to leave the reactor. In some instances a condenser may be upstream of the pressure relief valve.