A catalytic composition useful for the conversion of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene or mixtures thereof, to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof. The catalytic composition comprises a complex of metal oxides comprising bismuth, molybdenum, iron, cerium and other promoters, with a desirable composition.

A catalyst for a fluidized bed ammoxidation reaction containing silica and a metal oxide, wherein a composite of the silica and the metal oxide is represented by the following formula (1).

Mo.sub.12Bi.sub.aFe.sub.bNi.sub.cCo.sub.dCe.sub.eCr.sub.fX.sub.gO.sub.h/(SiO.sub.2).sub.A (1) (in formula (1), X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, and Cs, 0.1?a?1, 1?b?3, 1?c?6.5, 1?d?6.5, 0.2?e?1.2, f?0.05, and 0.05?g?1 are satisfied, h satisfies valences of constituent elements excluding silica, A represents a content of silica (% by mass) and satisfies 35?A?48, and values of ?, ?, and ? calculated from the following expressions (2), (3), and (4) satisfy 0.03???0.08, 0.2???0.4, and 0.5???2.)

?=1.5a/(1.5(b+f)+c+d) (2)

?=1.5(b+f)/(c+d) (3)

?=d/c (4)

A catalyst for a fluidized bed ammoxidation reaction containing silica and a metal oxide, wherein a composite of the silica and the metal oxide is represented by the following formula (1).

Mo.sub.12Bi.sub.aFe.sub.bNi.sub.cCo.sub.dCe.sub.eCr.sub.fX.sub.gO.sub.h/(SiO.sub.2).sub.A (1) (in formula (1), X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, and Cs, 0.1?a?1, 1?b?3, 1?c?6.5, 1?d?6.5, 0.2?e?1.2, f?0.05, and 0.05?g?1 are satisfied, h satisfies valences of constituent elements excluding silica, A represents a content of silica (% by mass) and satisfies 35?A?48, and values of ?, ?, and ? calculated from the following expressions (2), (3), and (4) satisfy 0.03???0.08, 0.2???0.4, and 0.5???2.)

?=1.5a/(1.5(b+f)+c+d) (2)

?=1.5(b+f)/(c+d) (3)

?=d/c (4)

A catalyst which is highly active in dehydrogenation reaction of an alkylaromatic hydrocarbon not only in high-temperature regions (e.g. 600 to 650 C.) as found in the inlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM but also in low-temperature regions (e.g. under 600 C.) as found in the outlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM, where the temperature decreases as a result of endothermic reaction; and a process for producing the catalyst; and a dehydrogenation process using the catalyst.

The catalyst contains iron (Fe), potassium (K), and cerium (Ce), and at least one rare earth element other than cerium.

A catalyst which is highly active in dehydrogenation reaction of an alkylaromatic hydrocarbon not only in high-temperature regions (e.g. 600 to 650 C.) as found in the inlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM but also in low-temperature regions (e.g. under 600 C.) as found in the outlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM, where the temperature decreases as a result of endothermic reaction; and a process for producing the catalyst; and a dehydrogenation process using the catalyst.

The catalyst contains iron (Fe), potassium (K), and cerium (Ce), and at least one rare earth element other than cerium.

This document relates to oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, and iron; oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, and aluminum; and oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, iron, and aluminum.

This document relates to oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, and iron; oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, and aluminum; and oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, iron, and aluminum.

The present invention can provide a method for producing an aromatic nitrile in which a fixed-bed reactor including a plurality of reaction tubes is used to subject a gaseous mixture comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon, ammonia, and oxygen by contact catalytic reaction on a catalyst to thereby produce the corresponding aromatic nitrile, wherein the catalyst is composed of an oxide containing vanadium, chromium, and boron and one or more supports selected from among alumina, silica-alumina, zirconia, and titania. One of the reaction tubes is filled with the catalyst of one kind and examined as to where a hot spot lies therein. An inert substance is filled into that portion of each of the plurality of reaction tubes which corresponds at least to the hot spot, and the catalyst is filled into the remaining portions.

The present invention can provide a method for producing an aromatic nitrile in which a fixed-bed reactor including a plurality of reaction tubes is used to subject a gaseous mixture comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon, ammonia, and oxygen by contact catalytic reaction on a catalyst to thereby produce the corresponding aromatic nitrile, wherein the catalyst is composed of an oxide containing vanadium, chromium, and boron and one or more supports selected from among alumina, silica-alumina, zirconia, and titania. One of the reaction tubes is filled with the catalyst of one kind and examined as to where a hot spot lies therein. An inert substance is filled into that portion of each of the plurality of reaction tubes which corresponds at least to the hot spot, and the catalyst is filled into the remaining portions.

The present invention relates to an improved process for preparation of Indigo carmine of Formula (I), in high purity, more than 99.5%.