A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a unique crystalline ammonia transition metal molybdotungstate material. The hydroprocessing using the crystalline ammonia transition metal molybdotungstate material or a decomposition product thereof may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

A catalyst for a fluidized bed ammoxidation reaction containing silica and a metal oxide, wherein a composite of the silica and the metal oxide is represented by the following formula (1).

Mo.sub.12Bi.sub.aFe.sub.bNi.sub.cMg.sub.dCo.sub.eCe.sub.fCr.sub.gZn.sub.hX.sub.iO.sub.j/(SiO.sub.2).sub.A (1)

(in formula (1), X is selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, and Cs, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and i, each satisfy 0.1?a?1, 0.5?b?4, 0.5?c?6.5, 0.2?d?2.5, 0.5?e?7, 0.2?f?1.2, g?0.05, n?4, and 0.05?i?1, A represents a content of silica (% by mass) in the composite and satisfies 35?A?48, and values of ?, ?, and ? calculated by the following expressions (2), (3), and (4) satisfy 0.03???0.12, 0.1???0.7, and 0.2???4.)

?=1.5a/(1.5(b+g)+c+d+e+h) (2)

?=1.5(b+g)/(c+d+e+h) (3)

?=e/(c+d+h) (4)

A catalyst for a fluidized bed ammoxidation reaction containing silica and a metal oxide, wherein a composite of the silica and the metal oxide is represented by the following formula (1).

Mo.sub.12Bi.sub.aFe.sub.bNi.sub.cMg.sub.dCo.sub.eCe.sub.fCr.sub.gZn.sub.hX.sub.iO.sub.j/(SiO.sub.2).sub.A (1)

(in formula (1), X is selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, and Cs, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and i, each satisfy 0.1?a?1, 0.5?b?4, 0.5?c?6.5, 0.2?d?2.5, 0.5?e?7, 0.2?f?1.2, g?0.05, n?4, and 0.05?i?1, A represents a content of silica (% by mass) in the composite and satisfies 35?A?48, and values of ?, ?, and ? calculated by the following expressions (2), (3), and (4) satisfy 0.03???0.12, 0.1???0.7, and 0.2???4.)

?=1.5a/(1.5(b+g)+c+d+e+h) (2)

?=1.5(b+g)/(c+d+e+h) (3)

?=e/(c+d+h) (4)

Process for preparing a hydrotreating catalyst comprising of from 5 wt % to 50 wt % of molybdenum, of from 0.5 wt % to 20 wt % of nickel and of from 0 to 5 wt % of phosphorus, all based on total dry weight of catalyst, which process comprises (a) treating alumina carrier with molybdenum and nickel and of from 1 to 60% wt of gluconic acid, based on weight of carrier, and optionally phosphorus, (b) optionally drying the treated carrier at a temperature of from 40 to 200? C., and (c) calcining the treated and optionally dried carrier at a temperature of from 200 to 650? C. to obtain the calcined treated carrier.

Process for preparing a hydrotreating catalyst comprising of from 5 wt % to 50 wt % of molybdenum, of from 0.5 wt % to 20 wt % of nickel and of from 0 to 5 wt % of phosphorus, all based on total dry weight of catalyst, which process comprises (a) treating alumina carrier with molybdenum and nickel and of from 1 to 60% wt of gluconic acid, based on weight of carrier, and optionally phosphorus, (b) optionally drying the treated carrier at a temperature of from 40 to 200? C., and (c) calcining the treated and optionally dried carrier at a temperature of from 200 to 650? C. to obtain the calcined treated carrier.

The invention relates to a catalyst comprising a support based on alumina or silica or silica-alumina, at least one element of group VIII, at least one element of group VIB and at least one additive selected from -valerolactone, 4-hydroxyvaleric acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 3-pentenoic acid or 4-pentenoic acid. The invention also relates to the process for the preparation of said catalyst and the use thereof in a hydrotreatment and/or hydrocracking process.

The invention relates to a catalyst comprising a support based on alumina or silica or silica-alumina, at least one element of group VIII, at least one element of group VIB and at least one additive selected from -valerolactone, 4-hydroxyvaleric acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 3-pentenoic acid or 4-pentenoic acid. The invention also relates to the process for the preparation of said catalyst and the use thereof in a hydrotreatment and/or hydrocracking process.

A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas comprising SO.sub.2, NO.sub.x and elemental mercury in the presence of a nitrogenous reductant comprises a composition containing oxides of: (i) Molybdenum (Mo) and optionally Tungsten (W); and (ii) Vanadium (V); and (iii) Titanium (Ti); and(iv) Phosphorus (P), wherein, with respect to the total metal atoms in the composition, the composition comprises: (i) Mo in an amount of less than 2 at. %, and optionally up to 9 at. % W; (ii) from 2.5 to 12 at. % V; (iii) from 85 to 96 at. % Ti, and wherein the composition comprises (iv) P in an atomic ratio to the sum of atoms of Mo, W and V of from 1:2 to 3:2. The values expressed must total 100%.

A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas comprising SO.sub.2, NO.sub.x and elemental mercury in the presence of a nitrogenous reductant comprises a composition containing oxides of: (i) Molybdenum (Mo) and optionally Tungsten (W); and (ii) Vanadium (V); and (iii) Titanium (Ti); and(iv) Phosphorus (P), wherein, with respect to the total metal atoms in the composition, the composition comprises: (i) Mo in an amount of less than 2 at. %, and optionally up to 9 at. % W; (ii) from 2.5 to 12 at. % V; (iii) from 85 to 96 at. % Ti, and wherein the composition comprises (iv) P in an atomic ratio to the sum of atoms of Mo, W and V of from 1:2 to 3:2. The values expressed must total 100%.

A powdered catalyst material on a titanium oxide basis. The powdered catalyst material includes a combined content of at least 90 wt.-% of a hydrated titanium oxide having the general formula TiO.sub.(2-x)(OH).sub.2x, with 0<x?1, (calculated as TiO.sub.2), and a silicon dioxide and hydrated precursors of the silicon dioxide (calculated as SiO.sub.2). A weight ratio of TiO.sub.2/SiO.sub.2, determined for TiO.sub.2 and SiO.sub.2 respectively, is at least 3 and less than 30. The wt.-% is based on a total weight of the catalyst material after the catalyst material has been dried at 105? C. for at least 2 hours. The powdered catalyst material has a specific surface area of >300 m.sup.2/g and an isoelectric point of from 4.0 to 7.0.