An active material useful in an oxidative dehydrogenation reactor system has an active phase, and a mixed metal oxide support phase. The active phase includes a transition metal oxide such as manganese oxide, which is reversibly oxidizable and/or reducible between oxidized and reduced states. The support phase includes a mixed metal oxide of a two or more IUPAC Group 2-14 elements. The active phase can also include a promoter such as Na-WO4 and/or a selectivity modifier such as Al or ceria. Also, a reactor including the active material in a reactor, a method of making the active material, and a method of using the active material in a regenerative reaction process.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst of the present invention comprises a substrate, and one or more catalytic layers provided on the substrate, wherein at least one of the catalytic layers (i) contains a precious metal, alumina, and an acidic oxide element, (ii) has a correlation coefficient ρ.sub.Al,AE of 0.70 or more, and (iii) has a correlation coefficient ρ.sub.PM,AE of 0.70 or more.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst of the present invention comprises a substrate, and one or more catalytic layers provided on the substrate, wherein at least one of the catalytic layers (i) contains a precious metal, alumina, and an acidic oxide element, (ii) has a correlation coefficient ρ.sub.Al,AE of 0.70 or more, and (iii) has a correlation coefficient ρ.sub.PM,AE of 0.70 or more.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a good NOx selective reduction catalyst. To solve the problem is a NOx selective reduction catalyst containing a composite oxide of Ti, Ce, W, and P or S.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a good NOx selective reduction catalyst. To solve the problem is a NOx selective reduction catalyst containing a composite oxide of Ti, Ce, W, and P or S.

The present invention discloses a metal-catalyzed process for hydration of nitrile under the influence of the ultrasonic cavitation effect. The present invention further discloses a catalyst of formula (I), wherein the catalyst is used for process for hydration of nitrile and process for preparation thereof.

A.sub.XB.sub.YC.sub.Z   Formula (I)

The present invention discloses a metal-catalyzed process for hydration of nitrile under the influence of the ultrasonic cavitation effect. The present invention further discloses a catalyst of formula (I), wherein the catalyst is used for process for hydration of nitrile and process for preparation thereof.

A.sub.XB.sub.YC.sub.Z   Formula (I)

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst material includes first oxide particles having an average particle diameter D.sub.av of 1 μm to 95 μm and having an oxygen storage capacity, second oxide particles having an average particle diameter D.sub.av of 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm, containing a metal element, and having no oxygen storage capacity, precious metal particles, and acidic oxide particles. The material has a correlation coefficient ρ of 0.45 or more obtained using first characteristic X-ray intensity for the metal element contained in the second oxide particle, second characteristic X-ray intensity for an element other than oxygen contained in the acidic oxide particle, and third characteristic X-ray intensity for a precious metal element contained in the precious metal particle.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst material includes first oxide particles having an average particle diameter D.sub.av of 1 μm to 95 μm and having an oxygen storage capacity, second oxide particles having an average particle diameter D.sub.av of 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm, containing a metal element, and having no oxygen storage capacity, precious metal particles, and acidic oxide particles. The material has a correlation coefficient ρ of 0.45 or more obtained using first characteristic X-ray intensity for the metal element contained in the second oxide particle, second characteristic X-ray intensity for an element other than oxygen contained in the acidic oxide particle, and third characteristic X-ray intensity for a precious metal element contained in the precious metal particle.

This disclosure relates to photocatalytic polyoxometalate compositions of tungstovanadates and uses as water oxidation catalysts. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to compositions comprising water, a complex of a tetra-metal oxide cluster and VW.sub.9O.sub.34 ligands, and a photosensitizer. Typically, the metal oxide cluster is Co. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to electrodes and other devices comprising water oxidation catalysts disclosed herein and uses in generating fuels and electrical power from solar energy.