The objective of the present invention is to provide a production method for a 4,5-dihydroisoxazole represented by formula (3), which is safe, industrially desirable, economical, and environmentally friendly.

##STR00001##

The present invention causes the compound of formula (1) to react with hydroxylamine in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce the compound of formula (3) through the reaction represented by the reaction equation.

##STR00002##

A method of producing an N,N-disubstituted amide of the present invention is a method of reacting a nitrile with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the nitrile is a compound represented by R.sup.1CN (R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms or an aryl group having 10 or less carbon atoms), wherein the alcohol is a compound represented by R.sup.2OH (R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms), wherein the catalyst is a metal salt represented by MXn (M represents a metal cation having an oxidation number of n, X represents a monovalent anion including a substituted sulfonyl group represented by —S(═O).sub.2—R.sup.3 (R.sup.3 represents a hydrocarbon group having 10 or less carbon atoms or a group in which some or all of hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon group are substituted with fluorine atoms), and n represents an integer of 1 to 4), a substituent bonded to a carbon atom in a carbonyl group of the N,N-disubstituted amide is R.sup.1, and two substituents bonded to nitrogen atoms in an amide group are both R.sup.2.

Wacker oxidation can be used as a signal transduction mechanism for the selective and sensitive detection of ethylene in air via chemiresistive sensing. Using this system, the senescence of lisianthus flowers and carnations can be monitored.

Systems for the catalytic activation and/or dehydrogenation of a paraffin feed stream that is enriched in C5 alkanes to produce olefins that are then hydrated in the presence of water to produce C5 alcohols. Optionally, paraffin isomers are separated and the n-paraffins isomerized prior to catalytic activation and/or dehydrogenation.

Provided is a method of preparing L-homoserine, the method including contacting an L-homoserine derivative with a solid acid catalyst.

The present invention belongs to the field of catalytic chemistry, and more specifically to catalysed oxidation of lignin. It also relates to synthesis of catalyst compounds.

The present invention relates to new acridinium-based photoredox catalyst compounds and their use thereof in a chemical reaction, preferably in depolymerisation of lignin models and ultimately lignin. The invention also relates to the method of synthesis of the new acridinium-based photoredox catalyst compounds according to the invention.

A method for making tris(disilanyl)amine. The method comprises steps of: (a) contacting a disilanyl(alkyl)amine with ammonia to make bis(disilanyl)amine; and (b) allowing bis(disilanyl)amine to produce tris(disilanyl)amine and ammonia.

The present invention concerns a method of production for carbon monoxide using a derivative of formic acid, in particular an alkyl formate.

It also concerns a method chosen from among, the method of production of methanol, the method of production of acetic acid (Monsanto and Cativa methods), the method of hydroformylation of olefins (oxo and aldox method, the method of production of hydrocarbons (Fischer-Tropsch method), or the method of carbonylation of nickel (Mond method), comprising a step of production of carbon monoxide using an alkyl formate of formula (I) by the method according to the invention.

It further concerns a “CO pump” or “CO liquid storage” method comprising a step of production of carbon monoxide using an alkyl formate of formula (I) according to the method of the invention.

The invention relates to a method for preparation of (meth)acrylic acid esters from (meth)acrylic acid anhydrides.

The present subject matter relates to a composition for in-situ remediation of soil and aquifer comprising of a water miscible oil; a solvent (for dissolving the vegetable oil to form a solution); and a catalyst (selected from enzymes biocatalysts, particularly lipases, alkaline compounds, heat or combinations thereof). The present subject matter provides a process for the preparation of the composition and application of the same for surface remediation. Further, the present subject matter provides an in-situ alcoholysis remediation method to reduce contaminant concentrations in aquifer and soil by enabling the generation of both soluble and slowly fermenting electron donors required for the anaerobic remediation of organohalide compounds contaminating soils and groundwater. The method of remediation includes mixing an engineered water-soluble oil or water miscible oil with a solvent and adding a catalyst to groundwater to promote the formation of fatty acid alkyl esters, carboxylic acid salts and glycerol.