The invention is in the field of modified carbon products. More in particular, the invention is in the field of graphitized activated carbon bodies. The invention is directed to carbon bodies and ferromagnetic carbon bodies, the production of these bodies from activated carbon, and the applications of the carbon bodies and ferromagnetic carbon bodies, for instance in water treatment and in electrochemical applications.

A method for regenerating deactivated acidic ionic liquid is described. The method involves reducing a level of free hydrochloric acid in the deactivated acidic ionic liquid in a removal zone using at least one of heat, a stripping fluid, reduced pressure, and liquid-liquid extraction to form a deactivated acidic ionic liquid having a reduced level of free hydrochloric acid; and regenerating the deactivated acidic ionic liquid having the reduced level of free hydrochloric acid.

A composition, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The composition is a microcapsule that includes a transparent shell encapsulating a mixture comprising light upconversion molecules. The method is a method of forming a microcapsule, which includes obtaining light upconversion molecules, forming an emulsion of the light upconversion molecules and a shell formation solution, and encapsulating the light upconversion molecules in a transparent shell. The article of manufacture comprises the microcapsule.

Described herein are catalytic systems that can catalyze enantioselective CH functionalization reactions and methods of using thereof are described. These catalytic systems contain iron complexes as host catalysts and diammonium guest templates as co-catalysts. The iron-based host catalysts contain crown-ether phthalocyanine ligands. The diammonium guest templates are bidentate compounds with chirality. The iron-based host catalysts and the bidentate ammonium guest templates can provide a complex steric environment with the for stereospecific and site-selective CH functionalization, such as CH amination. For example, enantioselective CH amination reaction performed using the disclosed methods can achieve high enantiomeric ratio (i.e., at least 2:1) and optionally high yield (i.e., at least 30%).

A photothermal catalytic method for production of hydrogen peroxide without a sacrificial reagent on the basis of a porphyrin-based supermolecule is provided. The method includes the following steps: uniformly mixing a porphyrin-based supermolecule photocatalyst with a concentration of 0.3-1.5 g/L with ultrapure water, conducting irradiation with a visible light for a period of time under stirring at a temperature of 40-80 C. and an O.sub.2 flow rate of 50-150 mL/min, and then filtering and concentrating a reaction liquid to obtain an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution with a high concentration. The method is simple in operation, mild in reaction conditions and high in production of the hydrogen peroxide.