The invention concerns compositions that can be cured in the presence of water or atmospheric moisture comprising at least one polyorganosiloxane having one or a plurality of condensable group(s) or hydrolysable and condensable group(s) and at least one compound capable of catalyzing the condensation reaction of the condensable or hydrolysable and condensable groups of the polyorganosiloxane. This compound is a heterometallic complex of which the chemical formula comprises at least two different metal atoms M and M, M being an atom chosen from the group consisting of the atoms of columns 2 and 13 of the periodic table and M being an atom chose from the group consisting of the atoms of column 4 of the periodic table, and at least one alkoxide or chelating ligand.

The present invention relates to the field of polymerisation catalysts, and systems comprising said catalysts for polymerising carbon dioxide and an epoxide, a lactide and/or lactone, and/or an epoxide and an anhydride. The catalyst is of formula (I):

##STR00001##

Wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are independently selected from Zn(II), Cr(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Mg(II), Fe(II), Ti(II), V(II), Cr(III)-X, Co(III)-X, Ni(III)-X, Mn(III)-X, Fe(III)-X, Ca(II), Ge(II), Al(III)-X, Ti(III)-X, V(III)-X, Ge(IV)-(X).sub.2 or Ti(IV)-(X).sub.2. R.sub.3A is different from R.sub.3B; and/or at least one occurrence of E.sub.3, E.sub.4, E.sub.5 and E.sub.6 is different to a remaining occurrence of E.sub.3, E.sub.4, E.sub.5 and E.sub.6. A ligand, a process of asymmetric N-substitution of a symmetrical ligand and a process for the reaction of: (i) carbon dioxide with an epoxide; (ii) an epoxide and an anhydride; and/or (iii) a lactide and/or a lactone, in the presence of a catalyst is also described.

The present invention relates to the field of polymerisation catalysts, and systems comprising these catalysts for polymerising carbon dioxide and an epoxide, a lactide and/or lactone, and/or an epoxide and an anhydride. The catalyst is of formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein at least one of M.sub.1 or M.sub.2 is selected from Ni(II) and Ni(III)-X. A process for the reaction of carbon dioxide with an epoxide; an epoxide and an anhydride; and/or a lactide and/or a lactone in the presence of the catalyst is also described.

A hydroprocessing catalyst has been developed. The catalyst is a unique transition metal tungsten oxy-hydroxide material. The hydroprocessing using the transition metal tungsten oxy-hydroxide material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

The invention provides a metal alkoxide complex of Formula (I), wherein X, M, R1, R2, R3, m, n, y and z are as defined in the Description. The invention also provides a catalyst composition comprising the metal alkoxide complex and a hydroxy-containing compound, wherein the molar ratio of the metal alkoxide complex to the hydroxy-containing compound is 1:0.1-1000. The invention also provides a production method of poly--caprolactone or polyactide, wherein an -caprolactone monomer or a lactide monomer is reacted in the presence of the metal alkoxide complex or catalyst composition to obtain poly--caprolactone or polylactide. The metal alkoxide complex and the catalyst composition thereof can be used to catalyze the synthesis of poly--caprolactone or polylactide with a high efficiency. The molecular weight of polycaprolactone or polylactide can be controlled by the molar ratio of the metal alkoxide complex and the hydroxy-containing compound, and is adjustable in the range of 1000-600,000, and wherein the molecular weight distribution is from 1.03 to 1.50.
[X.sub.n-mM(OCR.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3).sub.m].sub.y.(organic solvent).sub.z (I)

The invention relates to a method and plant for obtaining a main product stream with hydrocarbons from a reactant comprising at least one substance of the group of alcohols and the group of ethers, for the production of transport fuel The reactant is fed to a prereactor stage, which is at least partially catalytically converted into an intermediate product stream, wherein the molar proportion of C2 to C5 hydrocarbon among all hydrocarbon of the inter-mediate product stream is at least 55 percent. The intermediate product stream is fed to a main reactor stage, in which the hydrocarbons of the intermediate product stream are oligomerized by means of a main reactor stage catalyst. The weight proportion of C10 to C16 hydrocarbons among all hydrocarbons of the main product stream is at least 15 percent. The catalyst is a metal organic framework

The disclosure provides for metal organic frameworks (MOFs) which comprise a plurality of SBUs comprising different metals or metal ions and/or a plurality of organic linking moieties comprising different functional groups.

In one aspect, the present invention provides catalysts for the carbonylation of heterocycles. The inventive catalysts feature metal-ligand complexes having cationic functional groups tethered to the ligand, wherein the tethered cationic groups are associated with anionic metal carbonyl species. The invention also provides methods of using the inventive catalysts to affect the ring opening carbonylation of epoxides.

The invention concerns compositions that can be cured in the presence of water or atmospheric moisture comprising at least one polyorganosiloxane having one or a plurality of condensable group(s) or hydrolysable and condensable group(s) and at least one compound capable of catalyzing the condensation reaction of the condensable or hydrolysable and condensable groups of the polyorganosiloxane. This compound is a heterometallic complex of which the chemical formula comprises at least two different metal atoms M and M, M being an atom chosen from the group consisting of the atoms of columns 2 and 13 of the periodic table and M being an atom chose from the group consisting of the atoms of column 4 of the periodic table, and at least one alkoxide or chelating ligand.

Disclosed is a one-pot process (without the isolation of three intermediates) of preparing diroximel fumarate represented by the following structural formula: The method comprises reacting ethylene carbonate with succinimide 5 to form 2-hydroxyethyl succinimide; reacting 2-hydroxyethyl succinimide with maleic anhydride to form a (Z)-4-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid intermediate, isomerizing the (Z)-4-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid intermediate to an (E)-4-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid intermediate, and reacting the (E)-4-(2-10(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid intermediate with methanol to form the product compound.