A process for use of composite catalysts for oxidation of amines during synthesis of energetic compounds. This method overcomes the safety concerns associated with dangerous reaction conditions for these energetic materials. The process requires exposing phthalocyanine conjugated to an inorganic substrate to the precursor reactant and activating the composite material to light and oxygen to covert amine groups into oxidized nitrogen species.

A new metal organic framework (MOF) series and method of synthesizing the same are disclosed which includes an organic linking ligand having the formula: ##STR00001##
and a metal ion bonded to the organic linking ligand.

A new family of mononuclear organometallic complexes of a divalent metal bound to sequential tetradentate monoanionic {ONNN}-type ligands, and polymerization of cyclic esters such as lactides utilizing same are provided. Novel tetradentate monoanionic {ONNN}-type ligands usable for forming these complexes are also provided.

Disclosed herein are methods for reprocessing polyurethane compositions such as polyurethane foams. The method comprises introducing a polyurethane composition into a compounding device, heating the polyurethane composition to an effective bond-exchange temperature, and compounding the polyurethane composition for an effective bond-exchange time.

SiOC-bonded polyether siloxanes are produced by transesterification of alkoxysiloxanes with polyetherols in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonate as catalyst. The computational total water content of the reactants including alkoxysiloxanes and polyetherols is ≤5000 ppm by mass, advantageously ≤300 ppm by mass, preferably ≤150 ppm by mass, more preferably ≤100 ppm by mass, in particular ≤50 ppm by mass. The determination of the individual water contents is performed beforehand, preferably by titration according to Karl Fischer.

A catalyst system includes a transition metal salt containing a halo group, an acetate group, or a combination thereof, and an organic phosphine ligand. The molar ratio of the organic phosphine ligand to the transition metal salt is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50.

A method for forming a metal-organic framework comprising a step of providing a substrate; a single step of forming a single layer of metal oxide formed on the substrate said layer of metal oxide being transformed in whole or in part into metal-organic framework by successive implementation of a plurality of reaction cycles; each reaction cycle of the plurality of reaction cycles comprising: a treatment step with at least one ligand; a treatment step with at least one additive; the reaction cycles being implemented at least twice so as to form the metal-organic framework on the substrate.

The present invention discloses a diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3 and its synthesis method and application in an asymmetric catalytic reaction, wherein C.sub.2-symmetry is lost by introducing different groups into the diphenylamine backbone to realize precise control of “electronic effect” of the ligand backbone. An anthranilic acid derivative and an orthochlorobenzoic acid derivative are used as starting materials to prepare a compound of formula 1, and then the compound of formula 1 is reacted with a chiral amino alcohol compound to prepare a β-bishydroxy amide compound of formula 2, and the compound of formula 2 is further subjected to condensation to obtain the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3. The present invention also provides an application of a catalyst formed by coordination of the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry with copper salt, zinc salt, nickel salt, iron salt or rhodium salt, in an asymmetric catalytic reaction.

##STR00001##

Compounds can be used as catalysts, particularly in ring-opening polymerization reactions, including ring-opening co-polymerization (ROCOP) reactions, or in isocyanate trimerization reactions. The compounds have the formula L-M-X.sub.n, where L is a pyridyl-bis(iminophenolate) ligand, M is a metal ion, X is a co-ligand to balance the charge of the compound, and n is an integer from 0 to 7. The compounds can be prepared by base condensation of a pyridyl-diamine compound with an aldehyde or ketone.

A lithium secondary battery is provided and, more specifically, a lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode catalyst including a transition metal composite having a stable structure in which four nitrogens are bonded to the transition metal as a cathode catalyst for a reduction reaction of sulfur generated during operation of the lithium secondary battery having a sulfur-containing material included in a cathode thereof, thereby improving performance and longevity of the battery.