A renewable biofuel based on a highly efficient batch catalysis methodology for conversion of 1-butene to a new class of potential jet fuel blends. By tuning the catalyst and then using the dimer produced, the carbon use is about 95% or greater. This latter point will be particularly important in the future, where the source of raw materials (i.e., biomass/biofeedstock) is limited.

Disclosed herein are methods for reprocessing polyurethane compositions such as polyurethane foams. The method comprises introducing a polyurethane composition into a compounding device, heating the polyurethane composition to an effective bond-exchange temperature, and compounding the polyurethane composition for an effective bond-exchange time.

The invention provides a molecular transition metal complex selected from Formula 1, as described herein; an ethylene-based polymer; and a process to form the ethylene-based polymer, said process comprising polymerizing ethylene in the presence of at least one molecular transition metal complex selected from Formula 1, as described herein, and wherein either Z.sub.1 or Z.sub.2 is dative covalent (coordinate) to the metal (M).

##STR00001##

This invention relates to hexahydrocyclopenta[e]-as-indacen-1-yl and octahydrobenzo[e]-as-indacen-1-yl based catalyst complexes represented by the formula:

T.sub.yLAMX.sub.n-2

wherein: M is a group 3-6 metal; n is the oxidation state of M; A is a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic arenyl ligand bonded to M wherein the polycyclic ligand contains an indenyl fragment with two partially unsaturated rings annulated to the phenyl ring of the indenyl ligand fragment; L is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic arenyl ligand bonded to M, or a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic heteroarenyl ligand bonded to M, or is represented by the formula JR′.sub.z-y where J is a group 15 or 16 heteroatom bonded to M, R′ is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl substituent bonded to J, and z is 1 or 2; T is a bridging group; y is 1 or 0; and each X is independently a univalent anionic ligand, or two Xs are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two Xs are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand.

The present disclosure relates to bis(aryl phenolate) Lewis base catalysts. Catalysts, catalyst systems, and processes of the present disclosure can provide high temperature ethylene polymerization, propylene polymerization, or copolymerization as the bis(aryl phenolate) Lewis base catalysts are stable at high polymerization temperatures and have good activity at the high polymerization temperatures. The stable catalysts with good activity can provide formation of polymers having high molecular weights and the ability to make an increased amount of polymer in a given reactor, as compared to conventional catalysts. Hence, the present disclosure demonstrates highly active catalysts capable of operating at high reactor temperatures while producing polymers with controlled molecular weights and or robust isotacticity.

The present disclosure provides bridged metallocene catalyst compounds comprising —Si—Si— bridges, catalyst systems comprising such compounds, and uses thereof. Catalyst compounds of the present disclosure can be hafnium-containing compounds having one or more cyclopentadiene ligand(s) substituted with one or more silyl neopentyl groups and linked with an Si—Si-containing bridge. In another class of embodiments, the present disclosure is directed to polymerization processes to produce polyolefin polymers from catalyst systems comprising one or more olefin polymerization catalysts, at least one activator, and an optional support.

This invention relates to a supported catalyst system comprising: (i) at least one first catalyst component comprising a group 4 bis(phenolate) complex; (ii) at least one second catalyst component comprising a 2,6-bis(imino)pyridyl iron complex; (iii) activator; and (iv) support. The catalyst system may be used for preparing polyolefins, such a bimodal polyethylene, typically in a gas phase polymerization.

This invention relates to hexahydrocyclopenta[e]-as-indacen-1-yl and octahydrobenzo[e]-as-indacen-1-yl based catalyst complexes represented by the formula:
T.sub.yLAMX.sub.n-2
wherein: M is a group 3-6 metal; n is the oxidation state of M; A is a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic arenyl ligand bonded to M wherein the polycyclic ligand contains an indenyl fragment with two partially unsaturated rings annulated to the phenyl ring of the indenyl ligand fragment; L is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic arenyl ligand bonded to M, or a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic heteroarenyl ligand bonded to M, or is represented by the formula JR′.sub.z-y where J is a group 15 or 16 heteroatom bonded to M, R′ is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl substituent bonded to J, and z is 1 or 2; T is a bridging group; y is 1 or 0; and each X is independently a univalent anionic ligand, or two Xs are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two Xs are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand.

This invention relates to supported catalyst compositions of transition metal complexes of a dianionic, tridentate ligand that features a central neutral heterocyclic Lewis base and two phenolate donors, where the tridentate ligand coordinates to the metal center to form two eight-membered rings. Preferably the bis(phenolate) complexes are represented by Formula (I): ##STR00001##
where M, L, X, m, n, E, E′, Q, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.1′, R.sup.2′, R.sup.3′, R.sup.4′, A.sup.1, A.sup.1′, A.sup.3A.sup.2, and A.sup.2′A.sup.3′ are as defined herein, where A.sup.1QA.sup.1′ are part of a heterocyclic Lewis base containing 4 to 40 non-hydrogen atoms that links A.sup.2 to A.sup.2′ via a 3-atom bridge with Q being the central atom of the 3-atom bridge.

Provided are industrial processes for producing an organic acid alky ester from a feedstock containing organic acids and/or saponifiables, comprising: countercurrently contacting a feedstock with an organic alkylating reagent over two or more vessels or stages at temperature between 100° C. and 400° C. and pressure between barg and 355 barg while simultaneously removing water and/or glycerin with unreacted alkylating reagent from the final vessel or stage to result in a first reaction method product containing organic acid alkyl esters, followed by a choice of using the alkyl esters as-is, purifying the organic acid alkyl esters from the first reaction product mixture or subjecting the first reaction product mixture to an additional transesterification reaction to convert saponifiables into additional organic acid alkyl esters, then purifying the organic acid alkyl esters from this second reaction method product.